Blockchain technology in IoT systems: current trends, methodology, problems, applications, and future directions

Alfa, Abraham Ayegba; Alhassan, John K.; Olaniyi, Olayemi Mikail; Olalere, Morufu

doi:10.1007/s40860-020-00116-z

Cited by 37 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…IoT mainly consists of Machine-To-Machine (M2M) networks, in which intelligent devices can communicate with each other and, on the basis of generated and transmitted information, are able to make independent decisions [21][22][23][24]. These include, for example, commonly used smartphones, intelligent household appliances and electronics, heating and lighting systems that can be operated remotely using appropriate applications, but also a machine park whose devices connected to the network allow it to be managed from anywhere in the plant and/or outside of it [25][26][27]. There are 5 billion IoT devices worldwide and forecasts show that this will reach 29 billion by 2022 [24] or 9.27 billion according to Matsumoto et al [28].…”

Section: Internet Of Things (Iot)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internet of Things in Industry: Research Profiling, Application, Challenges and Opportunities—A Review

et al. 2022

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The fourth industrial revolution taking place in the industrial sector is related to the increasing digitization and linkage of goods, products, value chains and business models. Industry 4.0 is based on the global connection of people, things and machines. By connecting devices and sensors to the internet, we are entering a new era of data analysis, connectivity and automation. This gives great opportunities for innovation and progress, previously unattainable in such a dimension. The term Internet of Things (IoT) has spread along with the vision of a world instrumented with intelligent inputs and outputs able to communicate with each other through internet data and technologies. IoT is being implemented in various areas of the modern economy, for example, healthcare, quality control, logistics, energy, agriculture and production. The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) blazes the trail to a better understanding of the manufacturing process, thus enabling efficient and sustainable production. The paper explains the concepts of IoT, IIoT and Industry 4.0. It highlights the accompanying opportunities, threats and challenges related to their implementation. Additionally, it presents an outline of computing architecture in IoT and related energy consumption issues. Moreover, it provides examples of application and IIoT research profiling.

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Section: Internet Of Things (Iot)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, Ethereum makes possible the configuration of IoT devices and authentication of operations management in public key infrastructure. Today, Blockchain technology is slowly entering non-currency domain usage [25].…”

Section: Internet Of Things (Iot)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet of Things in Industry: Research Profiling, Application, Challenges and Opportunities—A Review

et al. 2022

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“…Alfa et al [169] did an SLR of 85 articles and showed the importance of security and privacy solutions for IoT. Authors investigated security concerns of IoT concerning pertinent challenges, current trends, applications, security methodologies and research gaps for future directions.…”

Section: H Internet Of Thingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Extensive Blockchain Based Applications Survey: Tools, Frameworks, Opportunities, Challenges and Solutions

et al. 2022

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Many security standards and cryptographic solutions exist for different applications such as agriculture, aircraft, banking systems and etc. but a more effective and efficient solution can be given by combining existing technologies with blockchain. This work addresses the problems of previous works such as scalability, immutability, robustness, network latency, auditability, and traceability. Satoshi Nakamoto introduced Blockchain (BC) to tackle the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) spoofing attacks, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), phishing problems and various security issues. Blockchain is a technology that stores the data using a chain of blocks in an encrypted form with hashing algorithms. It uses the decentralized architecture to store the information that helps users and customers to have transparency on records. The data is stored in a distributed ledger that is tamperproof and immutable. To amalgamate the research done so far, this paper presents a systematic review of ten different applications and tools used in blockchain. The applications include academics and education, agriculture, aircraft, banking, car sharing, e-voting, healthcare, Internet of Things (IoT), Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), and Supplychain (SC). Moreover, this paper presented a taxonomy for these applications and analyzed the implementation of tools used in different domains. Different open issues and challenges and key takeaways of blockchain technology were also highlighted. Hence, this paper helps give a new insight into working with blockchain and deciding on appropriate tools and approaches for a particular application.

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“…Blockchain runs a circulated record of exchanges whereby hubs arrive at a participatory agreement without an outsider's interruption and contribution. It limits the single purpose of disappointment and outsider trust [32].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockchain-Based IoT Devices in Supply Chain Management: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Through recent progress, the forms of modern supply chains have evolved into complex networks. The supply chain management systems face a variety of challenges. These include lack of visibility of the upstream party (Provider) to the downstream party (Client); lack of flexibility in the face of sudden variations in demand and control of operating costs; lack of reliance on safety stakeholders; ineffective management of supply chain risks. Blockchain (BC) is used in the supply chain to overcome the growing demands for items. The Internet of Things (IoT) is a profoundly encouraging innovation that can help companies observe, track, and monitor products, activities, and processes within their respective value chain networks. Research establishments and logical gatherings are ceaselessly attempting to answer IoT gadgets in supply chain management. This paper presents orderly writing on and reviewing of Blockchain-based IoT advances and their current usage. We discuss the smart devices used in this system and which device is the most appropriate in the supply chain. This paper also looks at future examination themes in blockchain-based IoT, referred to as the executive’s framework production network. The essential deliberate writing audit has been consolidated by surveying research articles circulated in highly reputable publications between 2016 and 2021. Lastly, current issues and challenges are present to provide researchers with promising future directions in IoT supply chain management systems.

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Blockchain technology in IoT systems: current trends, methodology, problems, applications, and future directions

Cited by 37 publications

References 102 publications

Internet of Things in Industry: Research Profiling, Application, Challenges and Opportunities—A Review

Internet of Things in Industry: Research Profiling, Application, Challenges and Opportunities—A Review

An Extensive Blockchain Based Applications Survey: Tools, Frameworks, Opportunities, Challenges and Solutions

Blockchain-Based IoT Devices in Supply Chain Management: A Systematic Literature Review

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