Blockchains Through Ontologies: The Case Study of the Ethereum ERC721 Standard in oasis

Bella, Giampaolo; Cantone, Domenico; Longo, Cristiano; Asmundo, Marianna Nicolosi; Santamaria, Daniele Francesco

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-96627-0_23

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The architecture of a framework based on OSCs that exploits the Ethereum blockchain and the Interplanetary File System is also sketched. In [8], the definition of digital contracts is extended over the blockchain to include smart contracts, intended as programs running on the blockchain and interpreted as digital agents in the OASIS fashion, including their operational semantics and tokens exchanged through them. The same approach is part of the work presented in this paper, even though it presents structural differences on how blockchains are modelled.…”

Section: Blockchain and The Semantic Webmentioning

confidence: 99%

A behaviouristic semantic approach to blockchain-based e-commerce

Bella,

Cantone,

Castiglione

et al. 2024

Self Cite

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Electronic commerce and finance are progressively supporting and including decentralized, shared and public ledgers such as the blockchain. This is reshaping traditional commercial activities by advancing them towards Decentralized Finance (DeFi) and Commerce 3.0, thereby supporting the latter’s potential to outpace the hurdles of central authority controllers and lawgivers. The quantity and entropy of the information that must be sought and managed to become active participants in such a relentlessly evolving scenario are increasing at a steady pace. For example, that information comprises asset or service description, general rules of the game, and specific technologies involved for decentralization. Moreover, the relevant information ought to be shared among innumerable and heterogeneous stakeholders, such as producers, buyers, digital identity providers, valuation services, and shipment services, to just name a few. A clear semantic representation of such a complex and multifaceted blockchain-based e-Commerce ecosystem would contribute dramatically to make it more usable, namely more automatically accessible to virtually anyone wanting to play the role of a stakeholder, thereby reducing programmers’ effort. However, we feel that reaching that goal still requires substantial effort in the tailoring of Semantic Web technologies, hence this article sets out on such a route and advances a stack of OWL 2 ontologies for the semantic description of decentralized e-commerce. The stack includes a number of relevant features, ranging from the applicable stakeholders through the supply chain of the offerings for an asset, up to the Ethereum blockchain, its tokens and smart contracts. Ontologies are defined by taking a behaviouristic approach to represent the various participants as agents in terms of their actions, inspired by the Theory of Agents and the related mentalistic notions. The stack is validated through appropriate metrics and SPARQL queries implementing suitable competency questions, then demonstrated through the representation of a real world use case, namely, the iExec marketplace.

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Section: Blockchain and The Semantic Webmentioning

confidence: 99%

A behaviouristic semantic approach to blockchain-based e-commerce

Bella,

Cantone,

Castiglione

et al. 2024

Self Cite

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“…We find 0x28 is the Ethereum Name Service (ENS) whose NFT is a name ending with ".eth". It is worthy noting that the address creating the top 20 number of NFTs (about 98,012) is 0x3d 5 which belongs to a famous NFT collector named Pransky with a lot of followers on Twitter. This information suggests that, while many creators only generate a few NFTs, there are certain people who are dedicated to NFT creation and appeal to others to get involved in it.…”

Section: Who Create These Nfts?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethereum, a platform that issues Ether with the second largest market value in cryptocurrency and is currently the largest NFT trading platform, provides two main protocols for creating NFTs: ERC721 and ERC1155. As with ERC1155, ERC721 is a token standard that defines an interface to allow NFT to be managed, owned, and traded by a smart contract [5]. However, there are a large quantity of differences in the ways of creating and transferring NFTs between them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bubble or Not: Measurements, Analyses, and Findings on the Ethereum ERC721 and ERC1155 Non-fungible Token Ecosystem

Tan¹,

Wu²,

Liu³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The non-fungible token (NFT) is an emergent type of cryptocurrency that has garnered extensive attention since its inception. The uniqueness, indivisibility and humanistic value of NFTs are the key characteristics that distinguish them from traditional tokens. The market capitalization of NFT reached 21.5 billion USD in 2021, almost 200 times of all previous transactions. However, the subsequent rapid decline in NFT market fever in the second quarter of 2022 casts doubts on the ostensible boom in the NFT market. To date, there has been no comprehensive and systematic study of the NFT trade market or of the NFT bubble and hype phenomenon. To fill this gap, we conduct an in-depth investigation of the whole Ethereum ERC721 and ERC1155 NFT ecosystem via graph analysis and apply several metrics to measure the characteristics of NFTs. By collecting data from the whole blockchain, we construct three graphs, namely NFT create graph, NFT transfer graph, and NFT hold graph, to characterize the NFT traders, analyze the characteristics of NFTs, and discover many observations and insights. Moreover, we propose new indicators to quantify the activeness and value of NFT and propose an algorithm that combines indicators and graph analyses to find bubble NFTs. Real-world cases demonstrate that our indicators and approach can be used to discern bubble NFTs effectively.

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“…The ERC-721 [1] token standard which is non-fungible on the Ethereum blockchain is used to allow for the creation of unique and non-interchangeable tokens. This standard is particularly useful for managing patient medical records (PMR) as it allows each record to be uniquely mapped to an individual patient.…”

Section: Blockchain To Store and Retrieve Patient Data Securelymentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Healthcare System

2023

IRJMETS

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Data privacy has been elevated to a much higher priority for all businesses in recent years. Particularly for businesses that cater to the health sector, data has grown to be of utmost importance. By creating a decentralized system that stores crucial patient information that can only be accessed by a select group of people, we aim to address this significant issue. A system is proposed that uses artificial intelligence to enhance early disease detection using user-entered images and symptoms. Additionally, only doctors and researchers will be able to access the crucial records and information that will be stored safely on the Ethereum-powered blockchain. The complex nature of the data makes it challenging for medical scientists to identify lesions and tumors. Hence our deep learning systems and machine learning algorithms sought to address this issue.

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Blockchains Through Ontologies: The Case Study of the Ethereum ERC721 Standard in oasis

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

A behaviouristic semantic approach to blockchain-based e-commerce

A behaviouristic semantic approach to blockchain-based e-commerce

Bubble or Not: Measurements, Analyses, and Findings on the Ethereum ERC721 and ERC1155 Non-fungible Token Ecosystem

Digital Healthcare System

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