Blood pressure as prognostic marker for body condition, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases in the common marmoset (<i>Callithrix jacchus</i>)

Mietsch, Matthias; Baldauf, K; Reitemeier, Susanne; Suchowski, Marcel; Schoon, Heinz-Adolf; Einspanier, A.

doi:10.1111/jmp.12215

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Measures of blood pressure and hypertension are often a useful proxy to estimate the effects of age on cardiovascular health. Marmosets have previously been found to have significant age effects on mean arterial pressure and diastolic pressure, with no significant differences in systolic pressure (Mietsch et al, 2016;Mietsch & Einspanier, 2015). We have also found that mean arterial pressure and diastolic pressure were significantly associated with age, and no relationship with age was found for systolic pressure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Blood Pressure: All of the subjects were evaluated twice during the duration of this study for blood pressure using a high definition oscillometric device (VET HDO monitor MD PRO Marmoset; S+B medVET GmbH, Babenhausen, Germany) following (Mietsch et al, 2016). Marmosets were held in a gloved hand in a simulated quadrupedal position which allowed access to the right leg for each measurement.…”

Section: Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross‐sectional comparison of health‐span phenotypes in young versus geriatric marmosets

Ross

Adams

González

et al. 2019

American J Primatol

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The development of the marmoset as a translational model for healthspan and lifespan studies relies on the characterization of health parameters in young and geriatric marmosets. This crosssectional study examined health phenotypes in marmosets for five domains of interest for human health and aging: mobility, cognition, metabolism, homeostasis, and immune function. Geriatric marmosets were found to have significant executive function impairment when compared to young animals. While geriatric animals did not show gross abnormalities in mobility and measures of locomotion, their types of movement were altered from young animals. Geriatric marmosets had alterations in cardiac function, with significantly increased mean arterial pressures; metabolism, with significantly lower VO 2 ; and suppressed immune function. Further, this study sought to characterize and describe histopathology for both young and geriatric healthy marmosets. Overall this study provides a characterization of health parameters for young and geriatric marmosets which will greatly enhance future aging and interventional testing in marmosets.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross‐sectional comparison of health‐span phenotypes in young versus geriatric marmosets

Ross

Adams

González

et al. 2019

American J Primatol

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“…Taking an average life expectancy of about 12 years for marmosets in captivity, the age range of the marmosets included in this study corresponds to about 18 to 80 years in humans. Even though previous studies have reported higher risk of myocardial fibrosis [5,17] and increased blood pressure [24,25] with increasing age in marmoset, we observed only relatively mild disturbances of the cardiac function with age.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Cardiac MRI in common marmosets revealing age-dependency of cardiac function

Moussavi

Mietsch

Drummer

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The aim of this study was to establish a feasible and robust magnetic resonance imaging protocol for the quantitative assessment of cardiac function in marmosets and to present normal values of cardiac function across different ages from young adult, middle-aged, to very old clinically healthy animals.Cardiac MRI of 33 anesthetized marmosets at the age of 2-15 years was performed at 9.4 T using IntraGate-FLASH that operates without any ECG-triggering and breath holding. Normalized to post-mortem heart weight, the left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LV-EDV) was significantly reduced in older marmosets. The LV end-systolic volume (LV-ESV) and the LV stroke volume (LV-SV) showed a similar trend while the LV ejection fraction (LV-EF) and wall thickening remained unchanged. Similar observations were made for the right ventricle. Moreover, the total ventricular myocardial volume was lower in older monkeys while no significant difference in heart weight was found.In conclusion, IntraGate-FLASH allowed for quantification of left ventricular cardiac function but seems to underestimate the volumes of the right ventricle. Although less strong and without significant sex differences, the observed age related changes were similar to previously reported findings in humans supporting marmosets as a model system for age related cardiovascular human diseases.Changes of the signal intensity related to respiratory movement could be detected on all navigator signal curves. Due to the respiratory frequency given by the artificial ventilation frequency analyses revealed always a sharp peak around 35 bpm. In addition, in most of the cases harmonics of the respiration were visible at multiples of 35 bpm. Figure 2 exemplarily shows diastolic and systolic images of two animals (Animals F and G) with good image quality throughout all acquired slices. In particular, papillary muscles and trabecularization were well resolved. Although residual flow artifacts and fuzziness may still be visible on these images, the achieved quality was sufficient for quantitative analysis of cardiac function. Cardiac Mass and FunctionAll marmosets were grouped by age into three groups for further analyses (young adult (< 5 years), middle-aged (5 -9 years), and senescent (>9 years). The respective group compositions as well as mean values of heart rate, body weight, and post-mortem heart weight are shown in Table 1. Marmosets, in contrast to most other primates, exhibit no somatic sex-dimorphism. Moreover, a two-way ANOVA (with age group and sex as independent variable) revealed no significant differences between the sexes in none of the analyzed parameters. For these reasons cardiac parameters obtained from male and female marmosets where pooled together (Table 2). Cardiac MassThe weight of the hearts, measured post-mortem and including ventricles and atria, ranged from 1.85 g to 3.13 g (2.6 ± 0.4 g, mean ± standard deviation). This weight was positively correlated with the body weight of the animal (Pearson's r = 0.54, p < 0.01) and the ventricle myocardia...

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“…Despite the multifarious usage in different fields, comprehensive research on the immune system of this species is so far missing. While important parameters for health screening, for example, hematological, blood chemistry, metabolome and cardiovascular values are already established, a comprehensive overview of immunological parameters during different stages of age is still pending (Hoffman et al, 2016; Mietsch et al, 2016; Reveles, Patel, Forney, & Ross, 2019). On the other hand, extensive panels of cross‐reacting antibodies for flow cytometric analyses in the common marmoset have been reported (Brok, Hornby, Griffiths, Scott, & Hart, 2001; Neumann et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The aging common marmoset's immune system: From junior to senior

Mietsch

Drummer

Stahl–Hennig∥

et al. 2020

American J Primatol

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The social, health, and economic challenges of a steadily increasing aging population demand the use of appropriate translational animal models to address questions like healthy aging, vaccination strategies, or potential interventions during the aging process. Due to their genetic proximity to humans, especially nonhuman primates (NHPs) with a relatively short generation period compared to humans, qualify as excellent animal models for these purposes. The use of common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) in gerontology research steadily increased over the last decades, yet important information about their aging parameters are still missing. We therefore aimed to characterize their aging immune system by comprehensive flow cytometric phenotyping of blood immune cells from juvenile, adult, aging, and geriatric animals. Aged and geriatric animals displayed clear signs of immunosenescence. A decline in CD4/CD8 ratio, increased expression of HLA-DR and PD-1, higher frequencies of CD95 + memory cells, alterations in cytokine secretion, and a decline in the proliferative capacity proved T cell senescence in aging marmosets. Also, the B cell compartment was affected by age-related changes: while overall B cell numbers remained stable with advancing age, expression of the activation marker CD80 increased and immunoglobulin M expression decreased. Interestingly, marmoset B cell memory subset distribution rather mirrored the human situation than that of other NHP. CD21 + CD27 − naïve B cell frequencies decreased while those of CD21 − CD27 − tissue memory B cells increased with age. Furthermore, frequencies and numbers of NK cells as part of the innate immune system declined with advancing age. Thus, the observed immunological changes in common marmosets over their life span revealed several similarities to age-related changes in humans and encourages further studies to strengthen the common marmoset as a potential aging model. K E Y W O R D Saging, common marmoset, immune system, innate and adaptive immunity, immunosenescence, sex

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Blood pressure as prognostic marker for body condition, cardiovascular, and metabolic diseases in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)

Abstract: The description of age and weight influences on BP delivers physiological and pathological values for common marmosets. This may contribute to the understanding of aging process and cardiology in this primate species.

Cited by 12 publications

References 56 publications

Cross‐sectional comparison of health‐span phenotypes in young versus geriatric marmosets

Cross‐sectional comparison of health‐span phenotypes in young versus geriatric marmosets

Cardiac MRI in common marmosets revealing age-dependency of cardiac function

The aging common marmoset's immune system: From junior to senior

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