“…ATP analogs include natural products such as b-carboline, and several synthetic compounds developed by pharmaceutical companies, such as SC-839, which has an approximately 200-fold preference for IKKb as compared to IKKa (reviewed in Karin et al, 2004;Pande and Ramos, 2005). On the other hand, the synthetic compound BMS-345541 binds to an allosteric site on both kinases, but shows an approximately 10-fold greater inhibitory effect on IKKb (Burke et al, 2003). Several thiol-reactive compounds, such as parthenolide, certain epoxyquinoids and arsenite, have been shown to block IKKb activity through Cys-179 (Kapahi et al, 2000;Kwok et al, 2001;Liang et al, 2003Liang et al, , 2006, probably in most cases through a direct conjugation to the thiol group of this cysteine.…”