Body composition analysis for non-athlete urban schoolgirls in the pubertal stage

: Injuries are an inherent risk associated with sports participation, impacting the health and performance of athletes across various disciplines. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the incidence and prevalence of injuries in selected sports, shedding light on the magnitude and patterns of injuries observed within each sport. To conduct this review, an extensive search was performed across electronic databases and relevant sports medicine literature. The findings reveal significant variability in injury rates and patterns among different sports. Sports such as football, handball, and volleyball, exhibit higher overall injury rates, with musculoskeletal injuries being most prevalent. Conversely, sports such as running, and cycling tend to demonstrate lower injury rates, with a focus on overuse injuries. Common injury types observed across sports include sprains, strains, fractures, contusions, and concussions, while body regions such as the lower extremities, head and neck, and upper limbs are frequently affected. Various factors contribute to the occurrence of injuries in sports, including player age, gender, skill level, training intensity, equipment usage, playing surface, and rule modifications. Contact and collision sports carry a higher risk of traumatic injuries compared to non-contact and individual sports. Understanding the incidence and prevalence of injuries in different sports is crucial for the development and implementation of injury prevention strategies. This review highlights the need for tailored approaches that address sport-specific risk factors, focusing on athlete education, proper training techniques, equipment modifications, rule changes, and enhanced medical support.

Incidence and prevalence of injuries in some sports – review

Gurau,

Musat,

Voinescu

et al. 2023

Scoliotic postural alignment in prepubertal children: somatoscopic analysis of anatomical landmarks and development of a working model to limit spinal changes

Constantinescu,

Onu,

Trofin

et al. 2024

Background. The study aims to perform a somatoscopic analysis on a sample of 100 prepubertal children aged 10-14 years, girls and boys, who are diagnosed with scoliosis. Somato-scopic assessment is one of the most commonly used, therefore we thought that making a way of interpreting the results could be useful to monitor postural attitude in children diagnosed with scoliosis. Identifying the early onset of physical impairment in the spine with somatoscopy can be a key factor in maintaining optimal postural status. This approach may help in achieving a way of working that limits the negative effects of scoliosis on the subjects. Materials and methods. The selection of subjects is based on exclusion and inclusion criteria related to age, comorbidities, therapeutic approach, and other criteria. Also, aspects that accompany the growth and devel-opment process of children in this prepubertal period and factors that may disturb this process are described in detail. Also in this context, we will present basic notions of body posture and eti-opathogenesis of the onset of scoliotic deficiencies in children during this period of growth and development. Somatoscopic analysis is performed in the orthostatic position and is based on the identification of anatomical landmarks of the body concerning body posture. Results. From the total analyzed scoliosis, n = 100, 74% are type „C” scoliosis and only 26% are type „S” and in terms of gender, 59% are girls and 41% boys; type „C1” (Cobb angle <100) scoliosis n = 60, with an angulation < 100 are 43.24% stabilized, therefore type „C1” scoliosis are more likely to be stabilized. „S”-type scoliosis with an angulation < 150 is only 3 cases representing 11.53%, and those with an angulation from < 200 to < 400 are number 23 cases 88.64% which concludes that „S” type scoliosis is more aggressive and more difficult to manage. Conclusions. Our study show that only 13% of the subjects had a regression of the angulation following the kinetotherapy program, therefore the main objective remains to stabilize the scoliosis attitude and limit the effects of this pathology. A regular assessment and somatotopic analysis resulting in a physiotherapy exercises program containing corrective postural postures and postural education is the most beneficial approach to stabilize the postural deficit.

Preliminary analysis of patient assessment within a study on the impact of hydrokinetotherapy on body composition and metabolic disease risk in an adult population segment

Cobuz,

Silișteanu,

Cobuz

et al. 2024

In clinical and research settings, the accurate and reliable evaluation of body composition is necessary. Existing methods present various challenges, either in measurement meth-odology or in the assumptions they rely on.The purpose of this study is to conduct a preliminary analysis of patient assessment within a study concerning the impact of hydroki-netotherapy on body composition and metabolic disease risk in an adult population seg-ment. Methods: The research was carried out at the Diabetes Ambulatory Clinic of the Suceava County Hospital in January 2024. An essential component of this investigation involves evaluating body composition parameters measured using the Tanita 738 device and assessing metabolic risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. In parallel with this research, a hydrokinetotherapy model adapted to this population is proposed for development. Results: The interpretation of BMI data for wom-en aged 40-60 revealed significant variability in this group’s body composition, as was al-so observed in women aged 61-80. Among women aged 61-80, there was a significant proportion of participants with morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40). Similarly, the BMI data for men aged 40-60 indicated notable variability in body composition, consistent with the findings for men aged 61-80. Both age groups in men exhibited significant overweight and obesity, highlighting the need for increased attention to weight management and metabolic health among men. Conclusions: The study on body composition and metabolic disease risk among adults aged 40 to 80, participants at the Diabetes Ambulatory Clinic of the Suceava County Hospital, demonstrated significant findings in both women and men. Implement-ing a 4-month hydrokinetotherapy program indicates an approach aimed at optimizing participants’ health. A personalized approach and careful management of hydrokineto-therapy exercises are necessary. Weight loss through diet and physical exercise is proven to be the most effective treatment strategy for obese and overweight elderly subjects, facili-tating the maintenance of muscle mass and promoting functional recovery.