Body composition assessment and nutritional status evaluation in men and women Portuguese centenarians

A, Pereira da Silva; Matos, Andreia; Valente, Ana; Â, Gil; Alonso, I. Casares; Ribeiro, Ricardo; Bicho, Manuel; Gorjão-Clara, J.

doi:10.1007/s12603-015-0566-0

Cited by 34 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This group had both low (LCR) and high cardiovascular risks (HCR); calculations were based on QRISK2-2016 [ 26 ]. Centenarians, from all the regions of Portugal, were identified, enrolled, and evaluated at their usual place of residence, as previously described [ 27 ]. Centenarian individuals, although uniformly distributed throughout the country, predominated in the Castelo Branco District, followed by Lisbon.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MM and FM indexes were calculated [kg/height (m 2 )]. Exclusion criteria for bioimpedance measurements were previously described [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case-control study design, the sample size is adequate according to what has been previously explained [ 27 ]. The group of centenarians is compared with a group of younger individuals assuming that the probability of reaching 100 years is remote for the control group.…”

Section: Study Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Portuguese Centenarian Eating Habits, Nutritional Biomarkers, and Cardiovascular Risk: A Case Control Study

Silva

Valente

Chaves

et al. 2018

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Background and Aims Eating habits may contribute to longevity. We characterized the eating habits and cardiovascular risk (CVR) biomarkers in Portuguese centenarians (CENT) compared to controls. Methods and Results Centenarians (n = 253), 100.26 ± 1.98 years, were compared with 268 controls (67.51 ± 3.25), low (LCR) and high (HCR) CVR (QRISK®2-2016). Anthropometric and body composition were evaluated by bioimpedance. Abdominal obesity, BMI, and fat mass (FM) cut-offs were according to the WHO. Sarcopenia was defined by muscle mass index cut-off ≤ 16.7 kg/m2. Daily red meat intake, adjusted for age and gender, was sarcopenia protective (OR = 0.25, 95% CI = 0.096–0.670, P = 0.006); however, it contributes for FM excess (OR = 4.946, 95% CI = 1.471–16.626, P = 0.01), overweight, and obesity (OR = 4.804, 95% CI = 1.666–13.851, P = 0.004). This centenarian eating habit (2%) contrasts to HCR (64.3%). The history of red meat (P < 0.0001) and canned/industrialized food intakes (P < 0.0001) was associated with HCR. Basal metabolism was lower in centenarians versus LCR/HCR (CENT = 1176.78 ± 201.98; LCR = 1356.54 ± 170.65; HCR = 1561.33 ± 267.85; P < 0.0001), BMI (CENT = 21.06 ± 3.68; LCR = 28.49 ± 4.69; HCR = 29.56 ± 5.26; P < 0.0001), waist circumference (CENT = 85.29 ± 10.83; LCR = 96.02 ± 11.71; HCR = 104.50 ± 11.84; P < 0.0001), and waist-hip ratio (CENT = 0.88 ± 0.07; LCR = 0.92 ± 0.08; HCR = 1.01 ± 0.08; P < 0.0001). CENT had lower total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and cholesterol/HDL ratio than controls. Conclusions Frequent consumption of red meat, cholesterol, and heme iron rich may contribute to obesity and increased CVR. The low frequency of this consumption, observed in centenarians, although associated with sarcopenia, may be one of the keys to longevity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MM and FM indexes were calculated [kg/height (m 2 )]. Exclusion criteria for bioimpedance measurements were previously described [ 27 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Portuguese Centenarian Eating Habits, Nutritional Biomarkers, and Cardiovascular Risk: A Case Control Study

Silva

Valente

Chaves

et al. 2018

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a widely used method, but it has limitations related to quantification of total body water. 5 BIA overestimates lean mass (LM) 8 and underestimates fat mass (FM) in lean subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of body composition analysis methods among centenary women: Seeking simpler methods

Duarte

Pelichek

et al. 2019

SAGE Open Medicine

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the most commonly used body composition tools in clinical practice, such as anthropometry and electrical bioimpedance, and compare it with deuterium oxide. Methods: An exploratory cross-sectional study was conducted on women aged 100 years or above at home. Body composition was determined by measuring skinfolds (Jackson and Pollock and Durnin and Womersley equations), by bioimpedance, and by the deuterium oxide method. Results: Body mass index values were lower than 22 kg/m2 in 64% of the subjects. When the various methods used were compared with deuterium oxide, there was better agreement for the determination of fat mass than lean mass. For fat mass, agreement was better when using bioimpedance (Lin’s coefficient = 0.70), whereas for lean mass, agreement was better using the Durnin and Womersley equation (Lin’s coefficient = 0.51). Conclusion: It is possible to use bioimpedance and skinfolds to evaluate fat mass and lean mass, respectively, in centenarians.

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“…In general, centenarians are lean (109) and follow healthy nutritional habits but without a calorie-restricted diet (110). Similarly to subjects during caloric restriction, a slower cell growing/metabolism, a better control in signal transmission and an enhanced autophagy have been observed in centenarians.…”

Section: Igf-1 System and Caloric Restrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ROLE of IGF-1 System in the Modulation of Longevity: Controversies and New Insights From a Centenarians' Perspective

Mantovani

Pellegrino

Vollery³

et al. 2019

Front. Endocrinol.

122

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Human aging is currently defined as a physiological decline of biological functions in the body with a continual adaptation to internal and external damaging. The endocrine system plays a major role in orchestrating cellular interactions, metabolism, growth, and aging. Several in vivo studies from worms to mice showed that downregulated activity of the GH/IGF-1/insulin pathway could be beneficial for the extension of human life span, whereas results are contradictory in humans. In the present review, we discuss the potential role of the IGF-1 system in modulation of longevity, hypothesizing that the endocrine and metabolic adaptation observed in centenarians and in mammals during caloric restriction may be a physiological strategy for extending lifespan through a slower cell growing/metabolism, a better physiologic reserve capacity, a shift of cellular metabolism from cell proliferation to repair activities and a decrease in accumulation of senescent cells. Therefore, understanding of the link between IGF-1/insulin system and longevity may have future clinical applications in promoting healthy aging and in Rehabilitation Medicine.

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Body composition assessment and nutritional status evaluation in men and women Portuguese centenarians

Cited by 34 publications

References 53 publications

Characterization of Portuguese Centenarian Eating Habits, Nutritional Biomarkers, and Cardiovascular Risk: A Case Control Study

Characterization of Portuguese Centenarian Eating Habits, Nutritional Biomarkers, and Cardiovascular Risk: A Case Control Study

Comparison of body composition analysis methods among centenary women: Seeking simpler methods

ROLE of IGF-1 System in the Modulation of Longevity: Controversies and New Insights From a Centenarians' Perspective

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