“…Clinical studies have provided evidence that the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) involves the increase of intracellular sodium concentrations during ill phases (Coppen et al 1966, Naylor et al 1971, Colt et al 1982 and this increase has been purported to underlie the pathophysiologic alterations of this illness (El-Mallakh and Wyatt 1995). For example, the elevation of [Na ϩ ] in can lead to activation of intracellular second messengers (El-Mallakh and Li 1993).…”
Section: Elevation Of [Na ϩ ] In Altered the Expression Of Trpm2: Litmentioning
Our findings suggest that the elevation of [Na(+)](in) and [Ca(2+)](in) induced ONP apoptosis and altered the expression of TRPM2. Lithium pretreatment attenuated the apoptosis induced by ionic stress.
“…Clinical studies have provided evidence that the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) involves the increase of intracellular sodium concentrations during ill phases (Coppen et al 1966, Naylor et al 1971, Colt et al 1982 and this increase has been purported to underlie the pathophysiologic alterations of this illness (El-Mallakh and Wyatt 1995). For example, the elevation of [Na ϩ ] in can lead to activation of intracellular second messengers (El-Mallakh and Li 1993).…”
Section: Elevation Of [Na ϩ ] In Altered the Expression Of Trpm2: Litmentioning
Our findings suggest that the elevation of [Na(+)](in) and [Ca(2+)](in) induced ONP apoptosis and altered the expression of TRPM2. Lithium pretreatment attenuated the apoptosis induced by ionic stress.
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