Body fat distribution and lipids profile of elderly in southern Jakarta

Abstract

A cross-sectional study on 222 elderly subjects was carried out at Health Centers in 10 subdistricts in south Jakarta, Indonesia. The anthropometric data (body mass index (BMI), body fat distribution), fasting blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglycerides were assessed. There was a positive correlation between body fat distribution and serum lipid concentration (total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides). Body fat distribution appears to be a stronger determinant of serum lipids than BMI.

How is Indonesia coping with its epidemic of chronic noncommunicable diseases? A systematic review with meta-analysis

“…For both men and women, the prevalence of smoking increased over time from 61.5% and 3.4% before 2001 to 64.5% and 5.1% since 2001, respectively. Fig 4 shows a similar trend with regard to obesity, which was derived after pooling seven studies using data collected between 1996 and 2008 [15, 28, 35, 46, 65, 67, 119]. Mean BMI increased following decentralization in 2001 for both men and women from 20.9 to 23.4 and 21.8 to 24.9, but women at all times had a higher BMI than men.…”

“…On the basis of deductive content analysis, the 130 included citations were grouped into seven topic areas: (1) risk factors, (2) morbidity, (3) functional limitations and disability, (4) mortality, (5) disease management, (6) interventions, prevention and management, and (7) social determinants of health; an overview of this is provided in Fig 2. A final quantitative synthesis meta-analyzed a subset of 12 studies related to the most common NCD risk factors: smoking (n = 7) [28, 40, 46, 65, 99, 101, 123], hypertension (n = 5) [28, 40, 46, 65, 134], and obesity (n = 7) [15, 28, 35, 46, 65, 67, 119]. Readers please note that a citation could belong to more than one topic area.…”

“…Seventy-three citations focused on behavioral (tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet) and biological (overweight/obesity, hypertension) risk factors for NCDs [14, 15, 18–24, 26–29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 40, 42–50, 53, 60, 62, 64, 65, 67–71, 79, 80, 84, 85, 89, 96–99, 101, 102, 104, 111, 112, 117, 119, 122, 123, 125, 126, 128–140, 142, 143, 155]. …”

“…There are several studies on diet-related risk factors such as lipid profiles and body fat distributions [14, 15, 26, 49, 53, 64], trans fatty acids [68, 69], dyslipidemia [49], and metabolic syndrome [19, 27, 37, 62]. Thirteen studies provided insight into the risk factor overweight/obesity [20, 21, 48, 67, 79, 80, 84, 97, 102, 139, 142, 143, 155].…”

“…Fig 6 shows that most of the 130 included studies considered age (n = 115) [14–17, 22–29, 31–50, 53, 55, 56, 59–64, 66–73, 75–77, 80–92, 95–102, 104–108, 110–129, 131, 133–143, 155, 156] and/or sex (n = 112) [15–19, 21–26, 28, 29, 31–38, 40–50, 53, 55, 56, 58–92, 95–108, 110–112, 114–116, 118–123, 125–129, 131, 133–143, 155, 156] in their analyses. On average around 40% of all studies included some sort of socioeconomic indicator mirroring educational attainment [15, 17, 21–24, 32, 34, 35, 37–…”