Body fat estimation in children by magnetic resonance imaging, bioelectrical impedance, skinfold and body mass index: A pilot study

Chan, Y. L.; Leung, S. S. F.; Lam, William W. Y.; Peng, X. H.; Metreweli, C.

doi:10.1046/j.1440-1754.1998.00147.x

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…25 ± 27 Those studies reporting high correlations have tended to include extreme ranges of BMI and fatness. For example, in one study, 22 BMI ranged from 10 to 30 kgam 2 in children aged 8 ± 12 y, equivalent to a range of 9 UK s.d. scores, 17 while in another, 23 the BMI range was 14 ± 44 kgam 2 , and the range of percentage fat 8 ± 55%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Hattori chart analysis of body mass index in infants and children

Wells¹

2000

Int J Obes

212

184

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BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) is widely used as an index of fatness in paediatrics, but previous analysis of the BMI ± fatness relationship has been insuf®cient. OBJECTIVE: To consider the effects of variation in fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) on BMI in infants, children and Fomon's reference child (Am J Clin Nutr 1982; 35: 1169 ± 1175. SUBJECTS: 42 infants aged 12 weeks; 64 children aged 8 ± 12 y; Fomon's reference child. METHODS: FFM was measured by deuterium dilution. FFM index (FFMI) and FM index (FMI) were calculated. The effects of variation in FFM and FM on BMI were explored using Hattori's body composition chart (AmJHum Biol 1997; 9: 573 ± 578). RESULTS: In both infancy and childhood, a given BMI can embrace a wide range of percentage body fat. At both time points, the s.d. of FFMI was b 60% of the s.d. of FMI. Graphic analysis differentiated the effects of lean tissue and fat deposition on BMI with age in the reference child. CONCLUSION: Although valuable for assessing short-term changes in nutritional status in individuals, and for comparing mean relative weight between populations, BMI is of limited use as a measure of body fatness in individuals in both infancy and childhood. The development of BMI with age may be disproportionately due to either FFM and FM at different time points.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A Hattori chart analysis of body mass index in infants and children

Wells¹

2000

Int J Obes

212

184

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“…However, its use as a proxy for fatness is more controversial. Whereas several studies have reported strong correlations between BMI and %fat, 24,25 other studies have highlighted the wide variability in %fat present for a given BMI value. 26 Equally, %fat provides a problematic ranking of fatness as discussed previously.…”

Section: C Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simplified approach to analysing bio-electrical impedance data in epidemiological surveys

et al. 2006

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Background: Bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA) is widely used to estimate body composition. It is simple, quick and cheap, but less accurate than other methods. It has potential epidemiological value, but has conventionally required validation before application. Aims: To develop a simple method of expressing weight, height and impedance data that avoids the need for populationspecific validation equations in order to facilitate epidemiological application. Methods: Body composition was measured using the four-component model in young adults (43 males, 90 females). Impedance (R) was measured hand-foot and foot-foot. Lean mass and fat mass were adjusted for height to give lean mass index (LMI) and fat mass index (FMI). Based on theoretical principles, we generated the index 1/R, which provides an index of body water adjusted for height. Sex-specific regression models were used to investigate the relationships between (a) 1/R and LMI, and (b) body mass index (BMI) adjusted for 1/R and FMI. The success of this approach was evaluated in relation to the conventional BIA approach, using correlation analysis. Results: 1/R was a highly significant predictor of LMI. BMI adjusted for 1/R was a significant predictor of FMI. Our approach performed as well as the conventional approach for LMI, but not for FMI. Discussion: Direct use of BIA data, rather than their combination with population-specific equations for the prediction of total body water, proved successful at ranking individuals of both sexes in terms of LMI and FMI. The index 1/R may prove particularly valuable in epidemiological studies where ranking of LMI is required.

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“…In addition, the combination of BMI and BIA measurements was found to be the closest to the result obtained by MRI [22]. Moreover, in another study, it was determined that the usage of BIA alone was not adequate [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Obesity and Its Diagnostic Methods in Turkish Children

Yılmaz

Inan

Karakaş

et al. 2012

EAJM

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Objective: The application of body mass index (BMI) for obesity classification in all population studies has been questioned by the scientific community. It has been found that the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is an accurate method for screening obesity. This study was conducted to evaluate the accuracies of BMI, skinfold thickness (SFT), leptin and BIA measurements in obesity classification and to find correlations between BIA and the other indicators for obesity. Materials and Methods:This case-control study included 178 children of whom 90 were in the obese group and 88 in the control group. The study measured BMI, SFT, leptin level and BIA-mediated body fat percentage (BIA BFP) in each child. Results:The BMIs, leptin levels, SFTs and BIA BFPs of children in the obese group were found to be higher than those in the control group (p<0.001). The measurement of BIA BFP strongly correlated with BMI, SFT and waist circumference, whereas BIA BFP measurement showed weak-moderate correlation with leptin level. Conclusion:Bioelectrical impedance analysis was found to be an accurate measure of BFP in obesity. In addition, BIA may prevent the incorrect diagnosis of obesity as determined by BMI alone, especially in boys during the pubertal period. Sonuç:Obezitede VYY değerlendirmesi için BÖA uygun bir araçtır. Ayrıca, VKİ'ye göre yanlış obezite tanısının önlenmesinde, özellikle pubertal dönemdeki erkeklerde, BÖA'nın önemli olduğu düşünül-müştür.

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Body fat estimation in children by magnetic resonance imaging, bioelectrical impedance, skinfold and body mass index: A pilot study

Cited by 32 publications

References 4 publications

A Hattori chart analysis of body mass index in infants and children

A Hattori chart analysis of body mass index in infants and children

A simplified approach to analysing bio-electrical impedance data in epidemiological surveys

Obesity and Its Diagnostic Methods in Turkish Children

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