Bone and joint alterations in acromegaly

Abstract

Growth hormone (GH) is fundamental for the maintenance of bone mass and metabolism both during childhood and in adulthood. This effect is due to a complex interaction between circulating GH and IGF-I produced peripherally. In vitro data and experimental animal models have clarified many of the regulatory mechanisms underlying the characteristic skeletal changes occurring in acromegaly. This review focuses on the effects of GH excess on bone metabolism and mass in acromegalic patients and, in particular, on the influence of factors such as hypogonadism, gender, age and therapy on bone metabolism and arthropathy.

Impact of concurrent diabetes on periodontal health in patients with acromegaly

“…GH has been shown to exert a 'double-edged sword' effect on bone health and hence, on periodontal health, as it is not only an anabolic hormone but also has a catabolic affect on bone 30,31 . These catabolic effects are more displayed on vertebrae bone as in patients with active acromegaly, vertebrae fractures occur despite an increase in bone mineral density.…”