Bone Ring Autogenous Graft and Immediate Implant Reconstruction in Atrophic Posterior Mandibular Area

Abstract

Purpose: to evaluate clinical and radiographic outcome of bone ring grafting technique with immediate implant placement in fresh extraction socket in mandibular posterior area. Patients and methods: Clinical study was conducted on six patients, suffer from deficiency in vertical height at posterior mandibular area. Extraction and immediate implant reconstruction with symphyseal bone grafting in one-stage procedure. All steps of harvesting by trephine bur, implant osteotomy and placement within the socket were guided by computerized surgical stent for donor and recipient sites. Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) membrane was prepared to cover the implant at suture line. Patients were followed up clinically and radiographically by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) at immediate,3 and 6 months postoperatively to evaluate the implant site and vertical bone height changes. Results: One successful case out of six showed excellent soft tissue healing with implant stability. Clinically one case showed sever infection at 2 weeks postoperatively with looseness of implant. Dehiscence and pain were found in 83.3% of the cases. Four cases had mild pain and one case suffered from severe pain, edema was mild in the majority of patients, numbness was found in 4 cases with 66.7%. CBCT results showed significant decrease in 3D dimensions of vertical bone height from immediate postoperative to 6 months with percentage of resorption (Buccally37.49±12.14, Lingually36.12±12.04, Mesially 39.55±15.05 and Distally10.92±0.76). Conclusion: From our study, Bone ring augmentation technique for fresh defective sockets with immediate implants at posterior mandibular area achieved low success rate, long procedure time and donor site morbidity.