“…A formal definition of a M16 a -compliant labeling will be introduced in Sect. 2.3 The author of this paper, inspired by modulation doping, proposed a space-time encoded system, called boosted scheme, in which different labelings, i.e., (Gray, M16 a -compliant) pair, are used within adjacent transmit streams to generate signals carrying the same data [13]. Afterward, he succeeded in applying two optimal BI-STCM-ID labelings-both M16 a -compliant-instead of the (Gray, M16 a -compliant) pair.…”