Bovine immunisation with a recombinant peptide derived from synthetic SBm7462® (Bm86 epitope construct) immunogen for Rhipicephalus microplus control

Patarroyo, H S Joaquín; Neves, Elisangela de Sousa; Fidelis, Cintia Fernandes; Gomez, Gabriel; Araujo, Leandro de; Vargas, Marlene; Sossai, Sidimar; Prates-Patarroyo, Pablo A.

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101461

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This important finding suggests that our candidate phagebased vaccine could produce antibody response in bovines. A previous report stated that humoral immune response was important in the mechanism of action of Bm86 and Sbm7462 antigens when they were inoculated in bovines [11]. Interestingly, it is essential to note that the phage that displayed the Sbm7462 antigen induced the production of antibodies that recognized the Bm86 commercial protein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Fortunately, the size of the Sbm7462 antigen (6 kDa) is in the range for proper expression on the major coat protein of bacteriophage M13. Moreover, the Sbm7462 peptide, which consists of the continuous fusion of three predicted immunogenic B and T cell epitopes of Bm86 protein (43 amino acids), has shown protection and high efficacy against cattle tick [11]. Furthermore, the sequences of the epitopes of Sbm7462 peptide have been found to be conserved in several R. microplus strains [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, evidence suggests that anti-tick vaccines exert their action through the activation of both innate and adaptive immune responses [10]. In fact, the generation of specific antibodies that bind to antigens found in the digestive system of ticks such as the Bm86 antigen provokes intestinal cells damage, affecting their metabolism [11]. In this regard, the Sbm7462 antigen used here as the antigen model exerts a similar mechanism since it is derived from the Bm86 antigen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Immune Response of a Candidate Phage-Based Vaccine against Rhipicephalus microplus (Cattle Tick)

et al. 2021

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Cattle tick (Rhipicephalus microplus) represents a severe problem causing substantial economic losses, estimated in billions of dollars annually. Currently, chemical acaricides represent the most widely used control method. However, several problems such as resistance have been described. Phage-based vaccines represent a fast and low-cost tool for antigen delivery. In this regard, the objective of the present work was to develop a candidate phage-based vaccine displaying a cattle tick antigen (Bm86-derived Sbm7462 antigen) on the surface of bacteriophage M13. Phage ELISA and dot blotting analysis confirmed the display of the antigen. Vaccine immunogenicity was evaluated using a bovine monocyte-derived dendritic cell-based ex vivo assay and a murine in vivo assay. The ex vivo model showed the maturation of dendritic cells after being pulsed with the phage-based vaccine. The humoral response was confirmed in the in vivo assay. These results demonstrated the capacity of the phage-based vaccine to induce both humoral and cellular immune-specific responses. Importantly, this is the first report describing a control method for cattle ticks using a candidate phage-based vaccine. Further studies to evaluate the immunogenicity in a bovine model are needed. The current approach represents a promising alternative to control cattle tick infestations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Immune Response of a Candidate Phage-Based Vaccine against Rhipicephalus microplus (Cattle Tick)

et al. 2021

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“…The hemolytic, anti-angiogenic or toxic properties of the selected peptides were analyzed using HemoPI (all SVM methods were used; SVM scores ranges between 0 and 1, i.e., 1 very likely to be hemolytic, 0 very unlikely to be hemolytic) [91], AntiAngioPred (NT15 AAC and whole peptide AAC prediction methods were used; threshold -0,2,) [92], and ToxinPred (all SVM methods were used; E value 10; threshold 0.0) [93], respectively. For comparison, all these analysis were performed for the published synthetic multi-epitope peptide SBm7462 ® [94]), which has demonstrated to be a protective candidate for a next generation anti-tick vaccine [94,95].…”

Section: Peptide Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing the Rhipicephalus bursa Sialomes in Potential Anti-Tick Vaccine Candidates: A Reverse Vaccinology Approach

et al. 2021

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In the wake of the ‘omics’ explosion of data, reverse vaccinology approaches are being applied more readily as an alternative for the discovery of candidates for next generation diagnostics and vaccines. Promising protective antigens for the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases can be discovered by mining available omics data for immunogenic epitopes. The present study aims to explore the previously obtained Rhipicephalus bursa sialotranscriptome during both feeding and Babesia infection, to select antigenic targets that are either membrane-associated or a secreted protein, as well as unique to the ectoparasite and not present in the mammalian host. Further, they should be capable of stimulating T and B cells for a potential robust immune response, and be non-allergenic or toxic to the host. From the R. bursa transcriptome, 5706 and 3025 proteins were identified as belonging to the surfaceome and secretome, respectively. Following a reverse genetics immunoinformatics pipeline, nine preferred candidates, consisting of one transmembrane-related and eight secreted proteins, were identified. These candidates showed a higher predicted antigenicity than the Bm86 antigen, with no homology to mammalian hosts and exposed regions. Only four were functionally annotated and selected for further in silico analysis, which examined their protein structure, surface accessibility, flexibility, hydrophobicity, and putative linear B and T-cell epitopes. Regions with overlapping coincident epitopes groups (CEGs) were evaluated to select peptides that were further analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics, potential allergenicity, toxicity, solubility, and potential propensity for crystallization. Following these procedures, a set of three peptides from the three R. bursa proteins were selected. In silico results indicate that the designed epitopes could stimulate a protective and long-lasting immune response against those tick proteins, reflecting its potential as anti-tick vaccines. The immunogenicity of these peptides was evaluated in a pilot immunization study followed by tick feeding to evaluate its impact on tick behavior and pathogen transmission. Combining in silico methods with in vivo immunogenicity evaluation enabled the screening of vaccine candidates prior to expensive infestation studies on the definitive ovine host animals.

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“…Nonetheless, it is likely that the mechanism is similar with anti-tick vaccines. For a deeper insight on the basics of immune responses, refer to Abbas et al [ 37 ] In regard to memory induction, highly immunogenic tick antigens such as Bm86 [ 38 ] and GSTs [ 39 ] are reported to have T- and B-cell epitopes. What this suggests is that after obtaining omics data, researchers should examine the immunogenic potential of the target protein(s) based on the presence of B- and T-cell epitopes [ 40 ].…”

Section: The Basic Immunological Principle Of Anti-tick Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Bench to Field: A Guide to Formulating and Evaluating Anti-Tick Vaccines Delving beyond Efficacy to Effectiveness

Ndawula

2021

Vaccines

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Ticks are ubiquitous blood-sucking ectoparasites capable of transmitting a wide range of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi to animals and humans. Although the use of chemicals (acaricides) is the predominant method of tick-control, there are increasing incidents of acaricide tick resistance. Furthermore, there are concerns over accumulation of acaricide residues in meat, milk and in the environment. Therefore, alternative methods of tick-control have been proposed, of which anti-tick cattle vaccination is regarded as sustainable and user-friendly. Over the years, tremendous progress has been made in identifying and evaluating novel candidate tick vaccines, yet none of them have reached the global market. Until now, Bm86-based vaccines (Gavac™ in Cuba and TickGARDPLUS™ Australia-ceased in 2010) are still the only globally commercialized anti-tick vaccines. In contrast to Bm86, often, the novel candidate anti-tick vaccines show a lower protection efficacy. Why is this so? In response, herein, the potential bottlenecks to formulating efficacious anti-tick vaccines are examined. Aside from Bm86, the effectiveness of other anti-tick vaccines is rarely assessed. So, how can the researchers assess anti-tick vaccine effectiveness before field application? The approaches that are currently used to determine anti-tick vaccine efficacy are re-examined in this review. In addition, a model is proposed to aid in assessing anti-tick vaccine effectiveness. Finally, based on the principles for the development of general veterinary vaccines, a pipeline is proposed to guide in the development of anti-tick vaccines.

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Bovine immunisation with a recombinant peptide derived from synthetic SBm7462® (Bm86 epitope construct) immunogen for Rhipicephalus microplus control

Cited by 10 publications

References 47 publications

Evaluation of the Immune Response of a Candidate Phage-Based Vaccine against Rhipicephalus microplus (Cattle Tick)

Evaluation of the Immune Response of a Candidate Phage-Based Vaccine against Rhipicephalus microplus (Cattle Tick)

Probing the Rhipicephalus bursa Sialomes in Potential Anti-Tick Vaccine Candidates: A Reverse Vaccinology Approach

From Bench to Field: A Guide to Formulating and Evaluating Anti-Tick Vaccines Delving beyond Efficacy to Effectiveness

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