Bovine tuberculosis in “Eurasian” badgers (Meles meles) in France

Payne, Ariane; Boschiroli, María Laura; Gueneau, Eric; Moyen, Jean Louis; Rambaud, Thomas; Dufour, Barbara; Gilot‐Fromont, Emmanuelle; Hars, Jean

doi:10.1007/s10344-012-0678-3

Cited by 43 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Two M. bovis strains have been identified in Côte d’Or, differing in their spoligotype and by multiple locus variable number of tandem repeat profiles (SB0120, 554311456 and SB0134, 64536436, respectively). Both strains are spatially clustered both in cattle and wildlife, confirming the epidemiological link between the different hosts (12, 14). However, in such a multi-host system, it is difficult to discriminate which type of transmission (within wildlife or between wildlife and cattle) prevails.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Wildlife Interactions on Baited Places and Waterholes in a French Area Infected by Bovine Tuberculosis

Payne

Philipon

Hars³

et al. 2017

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Interactions among wildlife species are major drivers for the transmission of multi-host pathogens, such as Mycobacterium bovis, which also affect livestock. Although France is officially free from bovine tuberculosis (bTB), some areas are still harboring infection in cattle and wildlife. We aimed at characterizing the visits of susceptible wild species (badger, red deer, and wild boar) at baited places and waterholes, considered as possible hotspots for contacts. We described the visits in terms of frequency, duration, and number of individuals and studied the influence of the season. Then, we estimated the frequency of intraspecies and interspecies interactions occurring at baited places and waterholes which may lead to bTB transmission, including direct and indirect contacts through the soil or water. We used camera traps placed on baited places and waterholes on 13 locations monitored during 21 months. The number of visits, their duration, and the number of individuals per visit were analyzed by generalized linear mixed models for each targeted species. The frequency of the interspecies and intraspecies interactions was also analyzed separately. The season, the type of site (baited place or waterhole), and the location were the explanatory variables. Badgers’ visits and interactions were more frequent than for other species (mean: 0.60 visit/day and 5.42 interactions/day) especially on baited places. Red deer only visited waterholes. Wild boars visited most often baited places in spring–summer and waterholes in autumn–winter. They came in higher number than other species, especially on baited places. Direct interactions were uncommon. The most frequent interspecies interactions occurred between red deer and wild boar (mean: 4.02 interactions/day). Baited places and waterholes are important interfaces between the different wild species involved in the bTB multi-host system in this area. They can thus promote intraspecies and interspecies bTB transmission. Baiting ban should be carried on and management of waterholes should be considered as tool to limit the spread of bTB in wildlife.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Wildlife Interactions on Baited Places and Waterholes in a French Area Infected by Bovine Tuberculosis

Payne

Philipon

Hars³

et al. 2017

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…However, there is some potential for cattle-red deer-roe deer systems to present a significant hazard in seven countries in the future, especially if deer populations continue to increase. Even though badgers are an important wildlife host for TB in the UK and Ireland, and have been discovered with M. bovis in France and Spain, our results are in agreement with Payne et al (2013) and the implications of the findings by Balseiro et al (2013), in suggesting that the species plays only a secondary role in most TB systems in mainland Europe.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Evaluating the tuberculosis hazard posed to cattle from wildlife across Europe

Hardstaff

Marion

Hutchings

et al. 2014

Research in Veterinary Science

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“…In particular, some TB infected “départements” such as Dordogne (Figure S1), where several cattle outbreaks still occur and where wildlife cases are regularly discovered [8] are not included. Although our results seem to show some aggregation among seropositive wild boar, the lack of homogeneity in the sampling design of our study did not allow us to perform cluster analysis on wild boar seroprevalence data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they highlight that wild boar were exposed to MTC since at least year 2000 in areas were TB is still present or has re-emerged in cattle. Most of these areas correspond to locations where TB infection has been discovered in wild individuals mainly in wild boar, red deer and/or badgers during the last 10 years [8,31]. Moreover, in these regions characterised by an important production of beef cattle, breeding is mainly extensive and farms operated over several premises with large land coverage and a long stay in pastures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2006, the TB prevalence in this small area reached 24% in red deer, which appeared to act as the primary host, and 42% in wild boar which appeared to act as a spillover host [6,7]. In 2003, a red deer was also found infected in Côte d’Or where grouped cases of wild boar and badgers ( Meles meles ) have been regularly identified since 2007 [8]. Elsewhere in France, sporadic TB cases in wild boar and/or badgers are detected in the vicinity of cattle outbreaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exposure of Wild Boar to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in France since 2000 Is Consistent with the Distribution of Bovine Tuberculosis Outbreaks in Cattle

Richomme¹,

Boadella

Courcoul³

et al. 2013

PLoS ONE

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The Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) is increasingly considered as a relevant actor in the epidemiology of animal tuberculosis (TB). Therefore, monitoring TB in wild boar becomes a key tool for establishing comprehensive control schemes for this disease. To estimate the exposure of free living wild boar to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) in France, a bovine-purified protein derivative based ELISA was used to test 2,080 archived serum samples of hunter-harvested animals in 58 French “départements”. Two cut-off values were used for diagnostic interpretation: 0.2, recommended by the manufacturer (specificity: 96.43%; sensitivity: 72.6%), and 0.5 (specificity: 100%; sensitivity: 64%). During the same period, at the 0.2 cut-off, global true seroprevalence was 5.9% (IC95%: 4.3%-7.7%) and 76% of the sampled “départements” had seropositive wild boar, including seven cattle TB-free “départements. At the 0.5 cut-off, global true seroprevalence was 2.2% (IC95%: 1.5-3.2) and positive wild boar belonged to 21% of the “départements”. All but one of these positive “départements” had reported at least one cattle TB outbreak since 2000. A good consistence between seropositive wild boar and TB outbreaks in cattle was found, especially at the 0.5 cut-off value (the mean distance to the nearest cattle TB outbreak was 13km and 27km for seropositive and seronegative wild boar, respectively; P<0.05). The use of an ELISA to detect MTC antibodies in wild boar has permitted the description of the geographic distribution of MTC contact in wild boar in France. Our results suggest that the ELISA could be used as a first screening tool to conduct TB surveillance in wild boar at a population level. High-risk wild boar populations (e.g. overabundant) could be tested and if identified positive by ELISA they should be surveyed in detail by combining pathology and culture.

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Bovine tuberculosis in “Eurasian” badgers (Meles meles) in France

Cited by 43 publications

References 24 publications

Wildlife Interactions on Baited Places and Waterholes in a French Area Infected by Bovine Tuberculosis

Wildlife Interactions on Baited Places and Waterholes in a French Area Infected by Bovine Tuberculosis

Evaluating the tuberculosis hazard posed to cattle from wildlife across Europe

Exposure of Wild Boar to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in France since 2000 Is Consistent with the Distribution of Bovine Tuberculosis Outbreaks in Cattle

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