Braggs, Scherre, Williamson–Hall and SSP Analyses to Estimate the Variation of Crystallites Sizes and Lattice Constants for ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized at different Temperatures

Cu-ZnO Nanostructures Synthesis and Characterization

“…The elemental composition of the ZnO nanostructures was determined by using EDS S-4160/Hitachi/Japan. Also, peak intensities for Cu-ZnO nanostructures were found to be reduced in comparison to those for undoped ZnO nanostructures, which obviously indicated a reduction in crystallite size [3]. Based on these observations, the crystallite size of Cu-ZnO nanostructures is considered to be decreased in comparison to that of undoped ZnO nanostructures, which is expected and in line with results reported by other studies, since doping with copper implies that the zinc atom would be replaced by the much smaller atom of copper [24][25][26][27].…”

“…In general, E g values were found to be decreased as the wavelength of absorption peaks and temperatures were increased (Figure -6c,d and Table-2). This is because particle size naturally tends to be increased as temperature is increased [2,3]. In Table-2, we show a comparison between the band gap energy values for Cu-ZnO nanostructures and those for the undoped ZnO nanostructures to show the effects of copper doping on the absorption peaks of the wavelengths and, accordingly, on the corresponding band gap energy values.…”

“…Wurtzite hexagonal is the most common configuration since it is more stable, whilst zincblende is less common since it requires certain conditions to be configured. In either way, zinc and oxygen are spatially arranged as tetrahedral centres [1][2][3][4][5].As a II-VI semiconductor with wide band gap energy of 3.37 eV and large exciton binding energy of 60 meV, ZnO is being used for decades for various optical, electrical, and mechanical applications. These include piezoelectric devices, light emitting diodes (LEDs), gas sensors, photocatalysts in solar cells, corrosion inhibitors, and antibacterial biosensors [6][7][8][9][10].…”

“…via hydrothermal technique, sol-gel method, laser ablation, etc. [2][3][4][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In the present work, we used the hydrothermal technique since it requires low temperature, low expenses, and short time, being environmentally clean and nontoxic, with key parameters that could be easily tuned and controlled [2,3,12].…”

“…[2][3][4][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In the present work, we used the hydrothermal technique since it requires low temperature, low expenses, and short time, being environmentally clean and nontoxic, with key parameters that could be easily tuned and controlled [2,3,12]. As we already suggested in our previous work, defects may have great potentials to enhance optical, electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties [3].…”