Brain communication in a completely locked-in patient using bedside near-infrared spectroscopy

Gallegos-Ayala, Guillermo; Furdea, Adrian; Takano, Kouji; Ruf, Carolin A.; Flor, Herta; Birbaumer, Niels

doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000000449

Cited by 120 publications

(86 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Moreover, for completely locked-in state of ALS, the current study lacks the proof of applicability as correct eye movement control and the ability to blink in this state is not given by definition [14]. Then, additional Brain-Computer Interface technology is needed, which has recently been shown to be an effective means of communication in completely locked-in ALS patients [36]. A further limitation of our study is the possible impact of some oculomotor abnormalities in patients with ALS on our results that were not controlled for.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Eye-tracking controlled cognitive function tests in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a controlled proof-of-principle study

et al. 2015

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) primarily affects motor and speech abilities. In addition, cognitive functions are impaired in a subset of patients. There is a need to establish an eye movement-based method of neuropsychological assessment suitable for severely physically impaired patients with ALS. Forty-eight ALS patients and thirty-two healthy controls matched for age, sex and education performed a hand and speech motor-free version of the Raven's coloured progressive matrices (CPM) and the D2-test which had been especially adapted for eye-tracking control. Data were compared to a classical motor-dependent paper-pencil version. The association of parameters of the eye-tracking and the paper-pencil version of the tests and the differences between and within groups were studied. Subjects presented similar results in the eye-tracking and the corresponding paper-pencil versions of the CPM and D2-test: a correlation between performance accuracy for the CPM was observed for ALS patients (p < 0.001) and controls (p < 0.001) and in the D2-test for controls (p = 0.048), whereas this correlation did not reach statistical significance for ALS patients (p = 0.096). ALS patients performed worse in the CPM than controls in the eye-tracking (p = 0.053) and the paper-pencil version (p = 0.042). Most importantly, eye-tracking versions of the CPM (p < 0.001) and the D2-test (p = 0.024) reliably distinguished between more and less cognitively impaired patients. Eye-tracking-based neuropsychological testing is a promising approach for assessing cognitive deficits in patients who are unable to speak or write such as patients with severe ALS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Eye-tracking controlled cognitive function tests in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a controlled proof-of-principle study

et al. 2015

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“…Moreover, with one exception (Gallegos-Ayala et al, 2014), patients lacking control of all muscles (e.g., completely locked-in patients) have been entirely unsuccessful in maintaining control over neuroimaging signals (De Massari et al, 2013).…”

Section: Megmentioning

confidence: 99%

The self-regulating brain and neurofeedback: Experimental science and clinical promise

Thibault

Lifshitz

Raz

2016

Cortex

218

198

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Neurofeedback, one of the primary examples of self-regulation, designates a collection of techniques that train the brain and help to improve its function. Since coming on the scene in the 1960s, electroencephalography-neurofeedback has become a treatment vehicle for a host of mental disorders; however, its clinical effectiveness remains controversial. Modern imaging technologies of the living human brain (e.g., real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging) and increasingly rigorous research protocols that utilize such methodologies begin to shed light on the underlying mechanisms that may facilitate more effective clinical applications. In this paper we focus on recent technological advances in the field of human brain imaging and discuss how these modern methods may influence the field of neurofeedback. Toward this end, we outline the state of the evidence and sketch out future directions to further explore the potential merits of this contentious therapeutic prospect.

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“…BCI can be used for restoration of multiple functions including communication and motor functions; however, the most rapidly developing usage of the BCI system is for communication. Recently, Gallegos-Ayala et al 63 reported that the NIRS-based BCI system showed an above chance level classification result in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who was in a completely locked-in-state. These findings suggested that even in a locked-in-state patient, BCI enables the provision of a communication method.…”

Section: Neural Mechanism For Postural Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in neurorehabilitation

Mihara

Miyai

2016

Neurophoton

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Abstract. We provide a brief overview of the research and clinical applications of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in the neurorehabilitation field. NIRS has several potential advantages and shortcomings as a neuroimaging tool and is suitable for research application in the rehabilitation field. As one of the main applications of NIRS, we discuss its application as a monitoring tool, including investigating the neural mechanism of functional recovery after brain damage and investigating the neural mechanisms for controlling bipedal locomotion and postural balance in humans. In addition to being a monitoring tool, advances in signal processing techniques allow us to use NIRS as a therapeutic tool in this field. With a brief summary of recent studies investigating the clinical application of NIRS using motor imagery task, we discuss the possible clinical usage of NIRS in braincomputer interface and neurofeedback.

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Brain communication in a completely locked-in patient using bedside near-infrared spectroscopy

Cited by 120 publications

References 5 publications

Eye-tracking controlled cognitive function tests in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a controlled proof-of-principle study

Eye-tracking controlled cognitive function tests in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a controlled proof-of-principle study

The self-regulating brain and neurofeedback: Experimental science and clinical promise

Review of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in neurorehabilitation

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