Brain corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactivity and receptors in five inbred rat strains: relationship to forced swimming behaviour

Lahmame, Abdeljalil; Grigoriadis, Dimitri E.; Souza, Errol B. De; Armario, Antonio

doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(96)01368-6

Cited by 68 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The high versus low levels of emotionality in the HAB and LAB rats, respectively, have been demonstrated to correlate with passive versus active coping behavior in a forced-swim test , in agreement with the performance of other rat lines and strains differing in emotionality (Abel 1991;Armario et al 1995;Bohus et al 1987;Lahmame et al 1997;Overstreet et al 1992;Paré 1992;Steimer et al 1997) and in line with the concept of the "searching-waiting strategy" proposed by Thierry et al (1984). On the other hand, there are reports on other strains and lines where this kind of correlation has not been found (Viglinskaya et al 1995;Zhukov and Vinogradova 1994), and we should always keep in mind that in some strains and lines, there is even a lack of correlation between the behavioral performance in different tests of emotionality (Chaouloff et al 1994;Overstreet et al 1996;Ramos et al 1997;Zhukov and Vinogradova 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Interestingly, even under the influence of diazepam at the dose of 1 mg/kg, HAB rats did not spend as much time exploring the open arms as vehicle-treated LAB rats (Figure 1). This underlines the extreme difference between the two lines and provides further validation of the HAB and LAB lines as a model for studying the mechanisms underlying the regulation of anxiety-related behavior.The high versus low levels of emotionality in the HAB and LAB rats, respectively, have been demonstrated to correlate with passive versus active coping behavior in a forced-swim test , in agreement with the performance of other rat lines and strains differing in emotionality (Abel 1991;Armario et al 1995;Bohus et al 1987;Lahmame et al 1997;Overstreet et al 1992;Paré 1992;Steimer et al 1997) and in line with the concept of the "searching-waiting strategy" proposed by Thierry et al (1984). On the other hand, there are reports on other strains and lines where NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 1998-VOL.…”

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confidence: 81%

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Behavioral, Physiological, and Neuroendocrine Stress Responses and Differential Sensitivity to Diazepam in Two Wistar Rat Lines Selectively Bred for High- and Low-Anxiety–Related Behavior

Liebsch

Linthorst

Neumann

et al. 1998

Neuropsychopharmacology

150

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Two Wistar rat lines, selectively bred for high-anxietyrelated behavior (HAB) and low-anxiety-related behavior (LAB) in the elevated plus-maze test, were tested for the susceptibility of their behavioral characteristics to anxiolytic treatment and for their endocrine and physiological reactivity to different stressors. Injection of 1mg/kg diazepam failed to affect line differences in coping strategy but resulted in a marked (20-fold) Genetic factors contribute to the high interindividual variability in type and/or intensity of the behavioral, neuroendocrine, and physiological stress responses observed in various species, including humans and laboratory rats (Boissy 1995;Clément et al. 1997;Cools et al. 1990;Curé and Rolinat 1992;Prasad et al. 1996;Spanagel et al. 1995;Tesser 1993;Zuckerman 1993). This fact has been used as the basis for selective bidirectional breeding programs from which strains and lines differing in their behavioral and/or neuroendocrine reFrom the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany. Address correspondence to: Dr. R. Landgraf, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Kraepelinstr. 2, 80804 Munich, Germany.Received January 15, 1997; revised March 25, 1998; accepted April 16, 1998. 382 G. Liebsch et al. N EUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 1998 -VOL . 19 , NO . 5 sponses to environmental challenges have emerged (Brush 1991;Castanon and Mormède 1994;Cools et al. 1993;Gentsch et al. 1988;Walker et al. 1992). Recently, we reported the establishment of two Wistar rat lines selectively bred for differing behavioral performances in the elevated plus-maze test, now termed high-anxiety-related behavior (HAB) and low-anxiety-related behavior (LAB) lines, respectively ). This animal model of inborn anxiety provides the advantage of avoiding conditioned stimuli that by themselves are likely to trigger behavioral, neuroendocrine, and physiological alterations. Interestingly, the HAB and LAB animals also prefer different coping strategies in a forced swim test ), pointing toward a link between anxiety and coping with stressful situations.The elevated plus-maze test is based on the creation of a conflict between the exploratory drive of a rat and its innate fear of open, exposed areas. It is one of the most widely used nonconditioned animal models of anxiety and has been extensively validated pharmacologically and ethologically (Dawson and Tricklebank 1995;Pellow 1986;Pich et al. 1993). However, various clinically effective anxiolytic substances often yield contradictory results when administered to "normal" unstressed rats in this test (Griebel 1995;Rodgers et al. 1997), indicating that-in parallel to the situation in humans (Green and Hodges 1991; Lader 1991)-the efficacy of an anxiolytic may depend upon the animal's basal level of anxiety. To test this prediction and to characterize further our breeding lines, in the first experiment, male rats from the HAB and LAB lines were injected with a classical anxiolytic, diazepam, and submitted to a plus-maze test and a forced swim test to assess the e...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

supporting

confidence: 81%

Behavioral, Physiological, and Neuroendocrine Stress Responses and Differential Sensitivity to Diazepam in Two Wistar Rat Lines Selectively Bred for High- and Low-Anxiety–Related Behavior

Liebsch

Linthorst

Neumann

et al. 1998

Neuropsychopharmacology

150

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“…21,72 In addition, studies using different inbred rat strains have not found a correlation between FST behavior and HPA activity. 26,73 Furthermore, HPA axis abnormalities in depressed human patients are reversed after treatment with antidepressants, 74 suggesting that they are state markers, and thus a consequence of depression. Thus, no human or animal studies support a genetic link between depression and HPA axis abnormalities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive-like behavior and stress reactivity are independent traits in a Wistar Kyoto × Fisher 344 cross

et al. 2003

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Depression is a heritable disorder that is often precipitated by stress. Abnormalities of the stress-reactive hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are also common in depressed patients. In animal models, the forced swim test (FST) is the most frequently used test of depressive-like behavior. We have used a proposed animal model of depression, the Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rat, to investigate the relationship as well as the mode of inheritance of FST behaviors and HPA measures. Through reciprocal breeding of WKY and F344 parent strains and brother-sister breeding of the F1 generation, we obtained 486 F2 animals. Parent, F1 and F2 animals were tested in the FST. Blood samples were collected for determination of basal and stress (10-min restraint) plasma corticosterone (CORT) levels, and adrenal weights were measured. We found that all measures were heritable to some extent and that this heritability was highly sex dependent. Both correlation and factor analyses of the F2 generation data demonstrate that FST behavior and HPA axis measures are not directly related. Thus, the underlying genetic components of depressive-like behavior and HPA axis abnormalities are likely to be disparate in the segregating F2 generation of a WKY3F344 cross.

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“…For example, a low dose of CRF (0.3 μg) decreases PPI in BN rats while WKY rats require a high dose of CRF (3.0 μg) to decrease PPI (Conti, 2005;Conti et al, 2002). It is intriguing to speculate that this difference in sensitivities to CRF may be due to BN rats having a greater density of CRF receptors in the cortex and hippocampus compared to WKY rats (Lahmame et al, 1997).…”

Section: Disclosure/conflict Of Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of corticotropin-releasing factor on prepulse inhibition is independent of serotonin in Brown Norway and Wistar-Kyoto rats

Sutherland

Page

Conti

2008

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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Prepulse inhibition (PPI), a form of sensorimotor gating, is reduced in a number of psychiatric disorders. Two experiments were conducted to determine whether corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which decreases PPI, does so via effects on serotonin (5-HT). Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and Brown Norway (BN) rats were used in both experiments in order to examine whether straindependent differences would be apparent in response to manipulations of the CRF and 5-HT systems. In the first experiment, WKY and BN rats received a subcutaneous injection of the 5-HT 2A/C receptor antagonist, ketanserin (2.0 mg/kg). Ten minutes later, rats received an intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of either 6.0 μl saline or CRF (0.3 μg or 3.0 μg). CRF decreased PPI despite blockade of 5-HT 2A/C receptors with ketanserin. In the second experiment, WKY and BN rats received an intraperitoneal injection of the 5-HT synthesis inhibitor, p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 150 mg/kg), 48 and 24 hours prior to testing. On testing day, rats received an ICV infusion of either 6.0 μl saline or CRF (0.3 μg or 3.0 μg). CRF decreased PPI despite 5-HT depletion. These findings suggest that CRF does not decrease PPI via effects on 5-HT, since neither blockade of 5-HT 2A/C receptors nor 5-HT depletion attenuated this decrease.

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Brain corticotropin-releasing factor immunoreactivity and receptors in five inbred rat strains: relationship to forced swimming behaviour

Cited by 68 publications

References 47 publications

Behavioral, Physiological, and Neuroendocrine Stress Responses and Differential Sensitivity to Diazepam in Two Wistar Rat Lines Selectively Bred for High- and Low-Anxiety–Related Behavior

Behavioral, Physiological, and Neuroendocrine Stress Responses and Differential Sensitivity to Diazepam in Two Wistar Rat Lines Selectively Bred for High- and Low-Anxiety–Related Behavior

Depressive-like behavior and stress reactivity are independent traits in a Wistar Kyoto × Fisher 344 cross

The effect of corticotropin-releasing factor on prepulse inhibition is independent of serotonin in Brown Norway and Wistar-Kyoto rats

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