2009
DOI: 10.1097/jgp.0b013e318172b3d0
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Brain Lithium Levels and Effects on Cognition and Mood in Geriatric Bipolar Disorder: A Lithium-7 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study

Abstract: Objectives The authors investigated the relationship between brain lithium, serum lithium and age in adult subjects treated with lithium. In addition, the authors investigated the association between brain lithium and serum lithium with frontal lobe functioning and mood in a subgroup of older subjects. Design Cross-sectional assessment. Setting McLean Hospital’s Geriatric Psychiatry Research Program and Brain Imaging Center; The Division of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine. Participants T… Show more

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Cited by 67 publications
(27 citation statements)
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“…The average Li + level in serum in Li + chow fed animals (0.5mEq/l) was significantly higher than for standard chow fed animals (<0.2 mEq/L, p<0.05). Because Li + crosses the blood brain barrier (Forester et al , 2009), this protocol enabled us to assay its effects on synaptic proteins in Li + fed animals. We isolated the PSD from the hippocampus of Li + -chow or normal chow fed animals and found through Western blotting that GSK3β phosphorylation was significantly higher in Li + -chow fed animals than control mice, indicating that GSK3β kinase activity was successfully inhibited (Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The average Li + level in serum in Li + chow fed animals (0.5mEq/l) was significantly higher than for standard chow fed animals (<0.2 mEq/L, p<0.05). Because Li + crosses the blood brain barrier (Forester et al , 2009), this protocol enabled us to assay its effects on synaptic proteins in Li + fed animals. We isolated the PSD from the hippocampus of Li + -chow or normal chow fed animals and found through Western blotting that GSK3β phosphorylation was significantly higher in Li + -chow fed animals than control mice, indicating that GSK3β kinase activity was successfully inhibited (Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although a careful study showing efficacy, tolerability, and safety of lithium in older patients with BD is currently unavailable, a recent review reported that lithium use in late-life BD was not only effective in treating manic and depressive symptoms, it also provided the benefit of reducing cognitive impairment and suicide rates (D'Souza et al, 2011). However, caution is warranted when monitoring dosing in older patients, because lithium plasma and brain levels do not correlate in older patients in the same manner as in younger patients (Forester et al, 2009). Moreover, higher brain lithium levels were found to correlate with both frontal lobe dysfunction and increased depressive symptoms in older adults with BD.…”
Section: Limitations For Lithium and Vpa Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One study reported WCST impairment in healthy relatives of bipolar patients [22]. In geriatric bipolar disorder patients WCST perseverative errors worsened with higher brain lithium levels [23 ]. Rybakowski et al [24 ] analyzed WCST performance in excellent and partial lithium responders as well as nonresponders among a sample of euthymic bipolar outpatients who were treated with lithium for at least 5 years.…”
Section: Psychomotor Speed and Executive Functionsmentioning
confidence: 99%