Brain potentials reveal covert facial recognition in prosopagnosia

Renault, Bernard; Signoret, Jean-Louis; Debruille, J. Bruno; Breton, Françoise; Bolgert, Françis

doi:10.1016/0028-3932(89)90066-3

Cited by 148 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…One would suspect that this type of component could be activated in the wake of covert recognition. Unfortunately, since Renault et al (1989) recorded from only a few electrodes, it is not possible to distinguish between the different types of P300 from the scalp distribution of their effect.…”

Section: Experiments 2: P300 and Covert Face Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another issue to consider is that Renault et al (1989) did not report data from normal subjects using the same task and stimulus material used for their patient, and based their judgment of latency deviations on reported data obtained in somewhat different experiments. This is especially problematic for assessing the latency of P300, since this measure is very sensitive to task parameters (Picton, 1992).…”

Section: Experiments 2: P300 and Covert Face Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, following the method reported by Renault et al (1989), infrequent faces of familiar people (the targets to be reported) were presented amidst more numerous faces of unfamiliar people with the aim of provoking a P300 component in FE and normal controls. For FE, faces of persons previously familiar to him (but who he was incapable of overtly identifying after the lesion) were used.…”

Section: Experiments 2: P300 and Covert Face Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These potentials are especially useful in determining the time course over which memory codes are available (PerezAbalo, Rodríguez, Bobes, Gutierrez, & Valdés-Sosa, 1994). An interesting application of this concept, using the P300 component, has been previously reported (Renault, Signoret, Debruille, Breton, & Bolgert, 1989). To illustrate why this is important, consider computational simulations in which prosopagnosia is caused by partial damage to early visual stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a milestone study, Renault et al (1989) examined the patient PC, affected by prosopagnosia, by presenting him with a randomly ordered sequence of unfamiliar faces and (more infrequent) familiar faces. The patient was asked to produce a familiarity decision on each face.…”

Section: Experiments 2: P300 and Covert Face Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain potentials reflect residual face processing in a case of prosopagnosia

Bobes

Lopera²,

Comas³

et al. 2004

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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Here, ERPs were employed to characterise the residual face processing of FE, a patient with extensive damage to the ventral temporal-occipital cortex and a dense prosopagnosia. A large N170 was present in FE and he performed well in tests of face structural processing. Covert recognition of the faces of personal acquaintances was demonstrated with P300 oddball experiments. The onset latency of the P300 effect was normal, indicating fast availability of covert memory. The scalp topography of this component in FE was different from that of the P3b, presenting a centro-frontal maximum. FE also presented larger skin conductance responses to familiar than to unfamiliar faces. The amplitudes of both the single-trial P300s and the SCRs triggered by familiar faces were positively correlated with the degree of person-familiarity that FE had for the poser. He performed at chance when asked to select between the face of a familiar person and that of an unfamiliar person on the basis of explicit recognition, whereas he selected more the previously known face if the forced choice was based on trustworthiness or a vague sense of familiarity. The results suggest that in FE, early face processing was relatively intact and covert recognition was fast. Neural structures involved in the processing of emotional or social cues possibly mediate the covert recognition present in FE.

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Section: Experiments 2: P300 and Covert Face Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiments 2: P300 and Covert Face Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiments 2: P300 and Covert Face Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experiments 2: P300 and Covert Face Recognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Brain potentials reflect residual face processing in a case of prosopagnosia

Bobes

Lopera²,

Comas³

et al. 2004

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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Covert Processing of Faces in Prosopagnosia Is Restricted to Facial Expressions: Evidence from Cross-Modal Bias

Gelder

Pourtois

Vroomen

et al. 2000

Brain and Cognition

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We present a single case study of a brain-damaged patient, AD, suffering from visual face and object agnosia, with impaired visual perception and preserved mental imagery. She is severely impaired in all aspects of overt recognition of faces as well as in covert recognition of familiar faces. She shows a complete loss of processing facial expressions in recognition as well as in matching tasks. Nevertheless, when presented with a task where face and voice expressions were presented concurrently, there was a clear impact of face expressions on her ratings of the voice. The cross-modal paradigm used here and validated previously with normal subjects (de Gelder & Vroomen, 1995, 2000), appears as a useful tool in investigating spared covert face processing in a neuropsychological perspective, especially with prosopagnosic patients. These findings are discussed against the background of different models of the covert recognition of face expressions.

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Impairments of Lexical-Semantic Processing in Aphasia: Evidence from the Processing of Lexical Ambiguities

1993

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Broca's and Wernicke's aphasics performed speeded lexical decisions on the third member of auditorily presented triplets consisting of two word primes followed by either a word or a nonword. In three of the four priming conditions, the second prime was a homonym with two unrelated meanings. The relation of the first prime and the target with the two meanings of the homonym was manipulated in the different priming conditions. The two readings of the ambiguous words either shared their grammatical form class (noun-noun ambiguities) or not (noun-verb ambiguities). The silent intervals between the members of the triplets were varied between 100, 500, and 1250 msec. Priming at the shortest interval is mainly attributed to automatic lexical processing, and priming at the longest interval is mainly due to forms of controlled lexical processing. For both Broca's and Wernicke's aphasics overall priming effects were obtained at ISIs of 100 and 500 msec, but not at an ISI of 1250 msec. This pattern of results is consistent with the view that both types of aphasics can automatically access the semantic lexicon, but might be impaired in integrating lexical-semantic information into the context. Broca's aphasics showed a specific impairment in selecting the contextually appropriate reading of noun-verb ambiguities, which is suggested to result from a failure either in the on-line morphological parsing of complex word forms into a stem and an inflection or in the on-line exploitation of the syntactic implications of the inflectional suffix. In a final experiment patients were asked to explicitly judge the semantic relations between a subset of the primes that were used in the lexical decision study. Wernicke's aphasics performed worse than both Broca's aphasics and normal controls, indicating a specific impairment for these patients in consciously operating on automatically accessed lexical-semantic information. ® 1993 Academic Press. Inc. This research was supported by a stipend from the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften. I thank Colin Brown, Pienie Zwitserlood, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on an earlier version of this article. Address reprint requests to Peter Hagoort,

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Brain potentials reveal covert facial recognition in prosopagnosia

Cited by 148 publications

References 18 publications

Brain potentials reflect residual face processing in a case of prosopagnosia

Brain potentials reflect residual face processing in a case of prosopagnosia

Covert Processing of Faces in Prosopagnosia Is Restricted to Facial Expressions: Evidence from Cross-Modal Bias

Impairments of Lexical-Semantic Processing in Aphasia: Evidence from the Processing of Lexical Ambiguities

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