Brainstem auditory-evoked potential in Boxer dogs

Abstract

RESUMO.-[Potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico em cães da raça Boxer.] O potencial evocado auditivo de tronco encefálico (PEATE) tem sido amplamente utilizado com diferentes finalidades na prática veterinária e é comumente usado para identificar a surdez hereditá-ria e a presbiacusia. No presente estudo, 43 cães da raça Boxer foram pelo teste PEATE. Foi diagnosticada surdez em 3 cães (2 bilaterais e 1 unilateral), e 40 Boxers foram usados no estudo normativo incluindo avaliação da influência da idade no PEATE. Os animais foram divididos de acordo com a idade em 2 grupos de 20 Boxers cada. A idade media foi 4,54 anos (variação de 1-8) no grupo I e 9,83 anos (variação de 8,5-12) no grupo II. A latência media das ondas I, III e V foram: 1,14 (±0,07); 2,64 (±0,11) e 3,48 (±0,10) ms no grupo I; e 1,20 (±0,12); 2,73 (±0,15) e 3,58 (±0,22) ms no grupo II, respectivamente. A latência media para os intervalos I-III, III-V e I-V foram 1,50 (±0,15); 0,84 (±0,15) e 2,34 (±0,11) ms no grupo I; e 1,53 (±0,16); 0,85 (±0,15) e 2,38 (±0,19) ms no grupo II, respectivamente. As latências das ondas I e III foram estatisticamente diferentes entre os grupos I e II. Não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas entre os dois grupos para os intervalos I-III, III-V e I-V. De acordo com a revisão realizada, este é o primeiro estudo normativo de BAEP realizado em cães da raça Boxer. Brainstem auditory-evoked potential (BAEP) has been widely used for different purposes in veterinary practice and is commonly used to identify inherited deafness and presbycusis. In this study, 43 Boxer dogs were evaluated using the BAEP. Deafness was diagnosed in 3 dogs (2 bilateral and 1 unilateral) allowing the remaining 40 Boxers to be included for normative data analysis including an evaluation on the influence of age on the BAEP. The animals were divided into 2 groups of 20 Boxers each based on age. The mean age was 4.54 years (range, 1-8) in group I, and 9.83 years (range, 8.5-12) in group II. The mean latency for I, III, and V waves were 1.14 (±0.07), 2.64 (±0.11), and 3.48 (±0.10) ms in group I, and 1.20 (±0.12), 2.73 (±0.15), and 3.58 (±0.22) ms in group II, respectively. The mean inter-peak latencies for the I-III, III-V and I-V intervals were 1.50 (±0.15), 0.84 (±0.15), and 2.34 (±0.11) ms in group I, and 1.53 (±0.16), 0.85 (±0.15), and 2.38 (±0.19) ms in group II, respectively. Latencies of waves I and III were significant different between group I and II. For the I-III, III-V and I-V intervals, no significant differences were observed between the 2 groups. As far as we know, this is the first normative study of BAEP obtained from Boxer dogs.

Demography, common disorders and mortality of Boxer dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK

“…However, despite this, very little empirical research has been reported on the incidence of congenital sensorineural deafness in Boxers. One small study in Brazil carried out brainstem auditory-evoked response (BAER) testing on 43 Boxers, of which 14 were white, showing that two white dogs were bilaterally deaf and one was unilaterally deaf, while all the non-white dogs had normal hearing [ 7 ]. However, as those authors pointed out, the study sample size was too small to draw meaningful statistical conclusions.…”

“…However, as those authors pointed out, the study sample size was too small to draw meaningful statistical conclusions. Another approach here is to extrapolate results from Bull Terriers, which have the same genetic cause for colour-related deafness as Boxers [ 6 , 7 ], but have been studied in more detail, with these studies benefitting from a higher proportion of white dogs among Bull Terriers because white dogs are allowed within The Kennel Club breed standard [ 4 ]. A recent BAER study of 1060 Bull Terriers in the UK reported an overall 10.19% prevalence of congenital sensorineural deafness, with 8.21% unilaterally deaf and 1.98% bilaterally deaf [ 69 ].…”

“…The breed standard colours are fawn or brindle, with or without limited white markings that should not exceed one-third of the ‘ground’ colour [ 4 ]. However, some Boxers are completely or mostly white, and these individuals, like genetically similar white dogs in other breeds such as Bull Terriers, are thought to be at higher risk of congenital sensorineural deafness, although little research has specifically investigated the incidence of deafness in Boxers [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Modelos animais para avaliação auditiva: revisão de literatura

“…Besides the advantage related to the functional assessment from the cochlea to the brainstem, it is a noninvasive test. In a study on dogs, the authors propose the test's wave latency values as a reference for comparison with Boxer dogs with different diseases, as well as for evaluation in dogs of different ages, in this case, without sedation 36 . However, one of the examination's disadvantages is the possible use of sedation in case of need for chemical restraint, which, in another study, was done through intramuscular administration of morphine and acepromazine.…”