Brake Torque Sensing for Enhancement of Vehicle Dynamics Control Systems

Ohkubo, Naoto; Horiuchi, T.; Yamamoto, Osamu; Inagaki, Hiromi

doi:10.4271/2007-01-0867

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Theoretically, every component of the vehicle transferring the loads from the tire contact patch to the vehicle body can be used to estimate the wheel loads. Thus, four main categories of wheel force determination methods can be distinguished in accordance with the vehicle components they are based on: tire-based methods (including the ones that use piezoelectric [5][6][7], fiber-optic [8][9][10], or optical [11][12][13] sensors; electrical resistance strain gauges [14,15]; or accelerometers [16]); wheel disc-based methods (primarily used in testing equipment [7]); suspension-based methods (including strain measurement of suspension bushings [17], displacement measurement of knuckle [18]), and wheel hub bearing based methods (load-sensing bearings) [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Wheel force measurements based on load-sensing hub bearings have a number of advantages in comparison with the other approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressed Fiber Bragg Structures in Load-Sensing Wheel Hub Bearings

Agliullin

Gubaidullin

Sakhabutdinov

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The work presents an approach to instrument the load-sensing bearings for automotive applications for estimation of the loads acting on the wheels. The system comprises fiber-optic sensors based on addressed fiber Bragg structures (AFBS) with two symmetrical phase shifts. A mathematical model for load–deformation relation is presented, and the AFBS interrogation principle is described. The simulation includes (i) modeling of vehicle dynamics in a split-mu braking test, during which the longitudinal wheel loads are obtained, (ii) the subsequent estimation of bearing outer ring deformation using a beam model with simply supported boundary conditions, (iii) the conversion of strain into central frequency shift of AFBS, and (iv) modeling of the beating signal at the photodetector. The simulation results show that the estimation error of the longitudinal wheel force from the strain data acquired from a single measurement point was 5.44% with a root-mean-square error of 113.64 N. A prototype load-sensing bearing was instrumented with a single AFBS sensor and mounted in a front right wheel hub of an experimental vehicle. The experimental setup demonstrated comparable results with the simulation during the braking test. The proposed system with load-sensing bearings is aimed at estimation of the loads acting on the wheels, which serve as input parameters for active safety systems, such as automatic braking, adaptive cruise control, or fully automated driving, in order to enhance their effectiveness and the safety of the vehicle.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressed Fiber Bragg Structures in Load-Sensing Wheel Hub Bearings

Agliullin

Gubaidullin

Sakhabutdinov

et al. 2020

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Theoretically, every component of the vehicle transferring the loads from the tire contact patch to vehicle body can be used to estimate the wheel loads. Thus four main categories of wheel force determination methods can be distinguished in accordance with the vehicle components they are based on: tire-based methods (including the ones that use piezoelectric [5][6][7], fiber-optic [8][9][10], optical [11][12][13] sensors, electrical resistant strain gauges [14,15], as well as accelerometers [16]); wheel disc-based methods (primarily used in testing equipment [7]); suspension-based methods (including strain measurement of suspension bushings [17], displacement measurement of knuckle [18]), and wheel hub bearings-based methods (load sensing bearings) [19-22, 24, 31]. Wheel forces measurement based on load sensing hub bearings has a number of advantages in comparison with the other approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressed Fiber Bragg Structures in Load Sensing Wheel Hub Bearings

Agliullin

Gubaidullin

Sakhabutdinov

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The work presents an approach to instrument the load sensing bearings for automotive applications for estimation of the loads acting on the wheels. The system comprises fiber-optic sensors based on addressed fiber Bragg structures (AFBS) with two symmetrical phase shifts. A mathematical model for load-deformation relation is presented, and the AFBS interrogation principle is described. The simulation includes (i) modeling of vehicle dynamics in a split-mu braking test, during which the longitudinal wheel loads are obtained, (ii) the subsequent estimation of bearing outer ring deformation using a beam model with simply supported boundary conditions, (iii) the conversion of strain into central wavelength shift of AFBS, and (iv) modeling of the beating signal at the photodetector. The simulation results show that the estimation error of the longitudinal wheel force from the strain data acquired from a single measurement point was 5.44% with root-mean-square error of 113.64 N. A prototype load sensing bearing was instrumented with a single AFBS sensor and mounted in a front right wheel hub of an experimental vehicle. The experimental setup demonstrated comparable results with the simulation during the braking test. The proposed system with load-sensing bearings is aimed at estimation of the loads acting on the wheels, which serve as input parameters for active safety systems, such as automatic braking, adaptive cruise control, or fully automated driving, in order to enhance their effectiveness and safety of the vehicle.

show abstract

Force sensors for active safety, stability enhancement and lightweight construction of road vehicles

Mastinu,

Gobbi

2023

Vehicle System Dynamics

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Brake Torque Sensing for Enhancement of Vehicle Dynamics Control Systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Addressed Fiber Bragg Structures in Load-Sensing Wheel Hub Bearings

Addressed Fiber Bragg Structures in Load-Sensing Wheel Hub Bearings

Addressed Fiber Bragg Structures in Load Sensing Wheel Hub Bearings

Force sensors for active safety, stability enhancement and lightweight construction of road vehicles

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