Breaking Wave Simulations by a New k−l Turbulence Model

Abstract

The three-dimensional motion equations are used to simulate the wave and velocity fields. These equations are written in integral contravariant form on a time-dependent curvilinear coordinate system. In this paper a new ?−? turbulence model in contravariant form is proposed for three-dimensional simulation of breaking waves. In this model the mixing length is defined as a function of the first and second spatial derivatives of the maximum water surface elevation.