Breast Cancer Subtypes as Defined by the Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) among Women with Invasive Breast Cancer in California, 1999-2004

Parise, Carol; Bauer, Katrina; Brown, Monica; Caggiano, Vincent

doi:10.1111/j.1524-4741.2009.00822.x

Cited by 279 publications

(259 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Luminal A subtype, which comprised 62.1% of the current cohort, had a best survival compared with other subtypes, this finding is consistent with most previous studies [4,5,7,8] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Many researchers therefore 1111  classified breast cancer patients into four subtypes based on the expression of ER, PR and HER2: luminal A (ER+ and/or PR+, HER2-); luminal B (ER+ and/or PR+, HER2+); HER2+ subtype (ER-, PR-, HER2+) and triple-negative subtype (ER-, PR-, HER2-). Previous studies suggested that patients with luminal A have a favorable prognosis when compared with patients with luminal B, HER2+ or triple-negative subtype [4,7,8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breast cancer subtypes and survival in Chinese women with operable primary breast cancer

Yao

Liu

et al. 2011

Chin. J. Cancer Res.

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Objective: To investigate the associations between the different breast cancer subtypes and survival in Chinese women with operable primary breast cancer.Methods: A total of 1538 Chinese women with operable primary breast cancer were analyzed in this study, the median follow-up was 77 months. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2 status were available for these patients.Results: Luminal A (ER+ and/or PR+, HER2-) had a favorable disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with other subtypes in the entire cohort. Using the luminal A as a reference, among the patients with lymph node positive disease, HER2+ (ER-, PR-, HER2+) had the worst DFS (hazard ratio, HR=1.80, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.91, P=0.017) and luminal B (ER+ and/or PR+, HER2+) had the worst OS (HR=2.27, 95% CI 1.50 to 3.45, P<0.001); among the patients with lymph node negative disease, triple-negative (ER-, PR-, HER2-) had the worst DFS (HR=2.21, 95% CI 1.43 to 3.41, P<0.001), whereas no significant difference in DFS between HER2+ and luminal B or luminal A was observed.Conclusion: As compared with luminal A, luminal B and HER2+ have the worst survival in patients with lymph node positive disease, but this is not the case in patients with lymph node negative disease; triple-negative subtype has a worse survival in both lymph node positive and lymph node negative patients.

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“…Luminal A subtype, which comprised 62.1% of the current cohort, had a best survival compared with other subtypes, this finding is consistent with most previous studies [4,5,7,8] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breast cancer subtypes and survival in Chinese women with operable primary breast cancer

Yao

Liu

et al. 2011

Chin. J. Cancer Res.

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“…3,9,24 Our previous research revealed that women with triple-negative breast cancer were significantly more likely to be African American or Hispanic and live in socioeconomically deprived areas, 14,15 and age was found to have an important role in determining the ER/PR/HER2 subtype. 16,17 Although racial disparities in breast cancer treatment and outcomes have been previously well documented, 3,[25][26][27] the interplay between race/ethnicity and SES and their respective causative effect on breast cancer outcomes remain controversial. 28 Furthermore, it remains difficult to completely unravel the intertwining aspects of these factors in addition to tumor biology and age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The details of documentation of estrogen receptor (ER) progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in breast cancer along with age and stage at diagnosis, tumor grade, tumor subtype, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES) have been extensively described in our previous publications [14][15][16]21 and by the California Cancer Registry. 20 RT Radiation treatment was recorded in the cancer registry for all documented cancer-directed RT performed as the first course of treatment.…”

Section: Case Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 We have been investigating breast cancer in California with particular emphasis on subtypes, age, and race/ethnicity. [14][15][16][17] In 2009, we presented preliminary results indicating that there were differences in the use of RT after BCS in the 8 regions of California defined by the California Cancer Registry. 18 This study presents a more focused look at the use of RT after BCS in California.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disparities in receipt of adjuvant radiation therapy after breast‐conserving surgery among the cancer‐reporting regions of California

Parise

Bauer

Caggiano

2011

Cancer

Self Cite

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BACKGROUND: Incidence and mortality of breast cancer vary according to demographic factors such as age, race/ ethnicity, socioeconomic status (SES), and geographic region. This study assesses the variation of these factors in the use of adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) after breast-conserving surgery (BCS) among 8 regions of California. METHODS: The authors identified 85,574 cases of first primary female invasive breast cancer with complete data diagnosed between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2007. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between race/ethnicity, age, SES, and receipt of RT after BCS within each of the regions of California. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. RESULTS: Age was a significant predictor of receipt of RT after BCS in all regions. In Los Angeles (LA), lower SES was associated with decreasing odds of RT. Racial disparities were evident only in LA, where black (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.97) and Hispanic (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78-0.96) women were about 15% less likely to receive RT than white women. CONCLUSIONS: Racial disparities in the receipt of RT after BCS exist only in LA, where African American and Hispanic women are less likely to receive this form of adjuvant treatment. Lower SES was also associated with a reduced likelihood of receipt of RT in LA. Women age 70 years and older are less likely to receive RT after BCS in all regions of California.

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Delayed Initiation of Adjuvant Chemotherapy Among Patients With Breast Cancer

et al. 2016

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IMPORTANCE Adjuvant chemotherapy improves outcomes of patients with breast cancer. However, the optimal timing of chemotherapy initiation is unknown. Delayed administration can decrease the benefit of cytotoxic systemic therapies. OBJECTIVE To identify the determinants in delayed chemotherapy initiation and to determine the relationship between time to chemotherapy (TTC) and outcome according to breast cancer subtype. We hypothesized that prolonged TTC would be associated with adverse outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In an observational, population-based investigation using data from the California Cancer Registry, we studied a total of 24 843 patients with stage I to III invasive breast cancer diagnosed between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2010, and treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Data analysis was performed between August 2014 and August 2015. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Time to chemotherapy was defined as the number of days between surgery and the first dose of chemotherapy, and delayed TTC was defined as 91 or more days from surgery to the first dose of adjuvant chemotherapy. We evaluated overall survival and breast cancer–specific survival. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models were used. RESULTS In all, 24 843 patients were included. Median age at diagnosis was 53 years, and median was TTC was 46 days. Factors associated with delays in TTC included low socioeconomic status, breast reconstruction, nonprivate insurance, and Hispanic ethnicity or non-Hispanic black race. Compared with patients receiving chemotherapy within 31 days from surgery, there was no evidence of adverse outcomes among those with TTC of 31 to 60 or 60 to 90 days. Patients treated 91 or more days from surgery experienced worse overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.34; 95% CI, 1.15-1.57) and worse breast cancer–specific survival (HR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.05-1.53). In a subgroup analysis according to subtype, longer TTC caused patients with triple-negative breast cancer to have worse overall survival (HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.17-2.00) and worse breast cancer–specific survival (HR, 1.53; 95% CI 1.17-2.07). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE For patients with breast cancer, adverse outcomes are associated with delaying initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy 91 or more days. Delayed TTC was particularly detrimental among patients with triple-negative breast cancer. The determinants of delays in chemotherapy initiation appeared to be sociodemographic, and clinicians should provide timelier care to all patients.

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Breast Cancer Subtypes as Defined by the Estrogen Receptor (ER), Progesterone Receptor (PR), and the Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2) among Women with Invasive Breast Cancer in California, 1999-2004

Cited by 279 publications

References 46 publications

Breast cancer subtypes and survival in Chinese women with operable primary breast cancer

Breast cancer subtypes and survival in Chinese women with operable primary breast cancer

Disparities in receipt of adjuvant radiation therapy after breast‐conserving surgery among the cancer‐reporting regions of California

Delayed Initiation of Adjuvant Chemotherapy Among Patients With Breast Cancer

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