Breast surgery: a narrative review

Saunders, Christobel

doi:10.5694/mja2.51678

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Surgical intervention is invasive and this makes it incurable by simple surgery in advanced stages of breast cancer [ 16 , 17 ]. Additionally, off-target effects due to the systemic nature of endocrine, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy provide challenges in the management and treatment of breast cancer [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Neoantigens in Cancer: Possibilities and Opportunities in Breast Cancer

Chaudhry,

Boyadzhyan,

Sasaninia

et al. 2024

Antibodies

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As one of the most prevalent forms of cancer worldwide, breast cancer has garnered significant attention within the clinical research setting. While traditional treatment employs a multidisciplinary approach including a variety of therapies such as chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and even surgery, researchers have since directed their attention to the budding role of neoantigens. Neoantigens are defined as tumor-specific antigens that result from a multitude of genetic alterations, the most prevalent of which is the single nucleotide variant. As a result of their foreign nature, neoantigens elicit immune responses upon presentation by Major Histocompatibility Complexes I and II followed by recognition by T cell receptors. Previously, researchers have been able to utilize these immunogenic properties and manufacture neoantigen-specific T-cells and neoantigen vaccines. Within the context of breast cancer, biomarkers such as tumor protein 53 (TP53), Survivin, Partner and Localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2), and protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor T (PTPRT) display exceeding potential to serve as neoantigens. However, despite their seemingly limitless potential, neoantigens must overcome various obstacles if they are to be fairly distributed to patients. For instance, a prolonged period between the identification of a neoantigen and the dispersal of treatment poses a serious risk within the context of breast cancer. Regardless of these current obstacles, it appears highly promising that future research into neoantigens will make an everlasting impact on the health outcomes within the realm of breast cancer. The purpose of this literature review is to comprehensively discuss the etiology of various forms of breast cancer and current treatment modalities followed by the significance of neoantigens in cancer therapeutics and their application to breast cancer. Further, we have discussed the limitations, future directions, and the role of transcriptomics in neoantigen identification and personalized medicine. The concepts discussed in the original and review articles were included in this review article.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Neoantigens in Cancer: Possibilities and Opportunities in Breast Cancer

Chaudhry,

Boyadzhyan,

Sasaninia

et al. 2024

Antibodies

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“…[3] Surgical intervention, including breast-conserving and immediate or late reconstruction after mastectomy, is one of the BC treatment modalities, including chemotherapy and radio- therapy. [4,5] Mastectomy is one of the surgical interventions in which total removal of the breast is done to prevent the spread of cancer in the body. [6] Women who have undergone mastectomy in the context of BC are faced with two significant challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring post mastectomy patients’ experience on handmade knitted breast prosthesis, a project lead by the breast nurse specialist

Balushi,

Adawi,

Siyabi

2024

CNS

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Objective: Not all post mastectomy patients are eligible for immediate or late breast reconstruction. Therefore, an appropriate external breast prothesis (EBP) after mastectomy can inspire patient’s copying mechanism, self-confident and improve body image. This study aims to highlight the perceived comfort, confidence, satisfaction of post mastectomy women with the use of knitted EBP.Methods: A cross-sectional study design was implemented, and 51 participants completed an electronic questionnaire survey. The survey consisted of 26 close-ended questions related to body image satisfaction, confidence, satisfaction with the knitted EBP.Results: Interestingly, almost more than half of the participants reported dissatisfaction with their physical appearance following mastectomy if they do not wear the EBP and they were highly confident after wearing the EBP (76%) and (86%) respectively. Moreover, almost all participants reported their satisfaction regarding the EBP in terms of weight and stated that it is light and can be worn with almost all types of clothes (94%) and (70%), respectively.Conclusions: Our study shows that the majority of post mastectomy women had grateful experience with the knitted EBP and reported better self-confidence after wearing the breast prosthesis. However, there is no effect of EBP on young patient’s decision to have breast reconstruction in future.

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“…BCS with postsurgical radiation therapy (RT) represented the gold standard of locoregional therapy for breast cancer in the vast majority of women with earlystages of breast cancer. It provides results of survival close to radical mastectomy, moreover the BCS improves the aesthetic results and patients' quality of life (7) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Conservative Breast Surgery After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Early Breast Cancer

Mohammad,

Attia,

Mahmoud

2023

SJMS

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Background: The breast cancer is a frequent type of cancers. It is associated with high mortality related to cancer in women. The treatment options transferred from radical surgery to less invasive operations. This was attributed to surgical advance and available neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Objective: This work aimed to evaluate the conservative breast surgery feasibility and outcome for early breast cancer received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for downstaging. Patients and Methods: Thirty women (30) with early breast cancer were included between November 2022 and May 2023. All women were assessed in systematic manner by history, clinical, laboratory and radiological investigations before chemotherapy, before and after surgery. A true cut biopsy was drawn to estimate the histopathological nature. All surgeries were performed one and half months after the last session of NACT. A regular postoperative follow up was carried out up to six months. Any complications were recorded. Effect of NACT on the tumor grading was the primary outcome, while cosmetic results and patient satisfaction were the secondary outcomes. Results: Complications were in the form of wound infection, seroma and hematoma in 6.7%, 13.3% and 3.3% respectively. These were mild and treated conservatively. The excellent cosmetic result was achieved for 80.0% and excellent patient satisfaction was recorded for 60.0%. The effect of chemotherapy showed significant improvement of clinical and pathological post chemotherapy tumor size values when compared to clinical tumor size values before chemotherapy, the T1 grade (≤2cm) increased from 50% to 66.7%, while the T2 grade (> 2cm <5 cm) decreased from 50% to33.3%. Conclusion: NACT was associated with excellent response regarding tumor size reduction, negativity of lymph nodes as well as pathological response of early breast cancer, before breast conservation surgery (BCS). The BCS after NACT could be considered as a safe option with acceptable aesthetic outcome.

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Breast surgery: a narrative review

Cited by 7 publications

References 47 publications

Targeting Neoantigens in Cancer: Possibilities and Opportunities in Breast Cancer

Targeting Neoantigens in Cancer: Possibilities and Opportunities in Breast Cancer

Exploring post mastectomy patients’ experience on handmade knitted breast prosthesis, a project lead by the breast nurse specialist

Evaluation of Conservative Breast Surgery After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Early Breast Cancer

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