Breather structures in a plasma with warm ions and Cairns electrons

Abstract

The modulational instability (MI) of ion-acoustic waves (IAWs) in a two-component non-Maxwellian hot plasma with Cairns distributed electrons is investigated. Using the derivative expansion method, a non-linear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) is obtained. The criterion for MI, which occurs for small values of the carrier wavenumber, is obtained. It is found that non-thermal parameter modifies the criteria for MI instability. The analytical solutions of NLSE in the form of various types of freak waves, including the Peregrine soliton, the Akhmediev breather, and the Kuznetsov-Ma breather, are examined. The effects of the non-thermal parameter as well as ion-to-electron temperature ratio on the rogue wave profile are discussed. Our results should be relevant to wave propagation stability. Non-thermal models may play an increasingly important role in predicting complex plasma behaviour and understanding the underlying physical processes. KEYWORDSAkhmediev breather, breathers, Kuznetsov-Ma breather, Peregrine soliton 1

Ion Acoustic Breathers in Electron-Beam Plasma

“…They observed that an increase in temperature of degenerate trapped species leads to an increase in the area of MI of IA waves and decrease in amplitude of breather structures. MI of IA waves in Cairns distributed hot ion plasma was reported by Shan et al [10] to explore the breather structures and it was reported that nonthermality significantly modifies the region of MI and amplitude of nonlinear structures. Employing the Gardner equation, a broad spectrum of nonlinear IA wave structures and their group dynamics are examined in a negative ion plasma by Ghosh [12].…”

“…A series of equations may be obtained by replacing Equations ( 9) and (10) in Equations ( 2)-( 7) and equating the coefficients of different powers on each side. The following KP equation has been obtained from the above equations [2,5] :…”

“…There has been a lot of interest in investigating the modulation instability of various wave modes in plasma for breather structures. Many researchers in various types of plasma have investigated the modulation instability and breather structures as one of the exciting and intriguing nonlinear phenomena [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Abdikian and Ismaeel [9] explored IA breathers and rogue waves in relativistically degenerate electron-positron plasmas and reported that the region of MI increased with increase in temperature of ions; this implies that there were high chances of existence of breather structures and amplitude of rogue waves decreased with enhancement in relativistic factor.…”