Breathing technique in pain and cognitive function: a systematic review of the literature

Abstract


 Breathing techniques are key components of yoga, meditation and relaxation practices that are well known for reducing anxiety and improving overall well-being. To evaluate the efficacy of breathing techniques in pain and cognitive function. We conducted a literature review searching the main literature databases (medline, lilacs, Cochrane library) including randomized clinical trials. We assessed the risk of bias of the included studies using the methodology proposed by the Cochrane collaboration. In total, we found 16 studies that met the inclusion criteria, with an intermediate or unclear overall risk of bias. When combining the different breathing techniques vs control in the included studies, we found a statistically significant difference in terms of the visual analog scale (Difference of means, random effects; -1.21 [95% CI -1.75 to -0.68]; I2: 95%). Meditation-based breathing techniques would improve pain and cognitive function in patients with a painful entity or healthy volunteers.

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“…The way that can be done is relax the muscles of the body, breathe slowly and regularly and uniformly (inhale, exhale, relax), so inhale air from the nose and then exhale slowly through the mouth, and at every breath, pay attention to the increase in chest size, movement stomach and shoulders. (18). In line with the research above, one of the studies with an analysis of the literature with the title "Breathing technique in pain and cognitive function: a systematic review of the literature" also shows an average (19).…”