Breeding Low-Cadmium Wheat: Progress and Perspectives

Abstract

Farmland cadmium (Cd) contamination has adverse impacts on both wheat grain yield and people’s well-being through food consumption. Safe farming using low-Cd cultivars has been proposed as a promising approach to address the farmland Cd pollution problem. To date, several dozen low-Cd wheat cultivars have been screened worldwide based on a Cd inhibition test, representing candidates for wheat Cd minimization. Unfortunately, the breeding of low-Cd wheat cultivars with desired traits or enhanced Cd exclusion has not been extensively explored. Moreover, the wheat Cd inhibition test for variety screening and conventional breeding is expensive and time-consuming. As an alternative, low-Cd wheat cultivars that were developed with molecular genetics and breeding approaches can be promising, typically by the association of marker-assisted selection (MAS) with conventional breeding practices. In this review, we provide a synthetics view of the background and knowledge basis for the breeding of low-Cd wheat cultivars.

Дослідження Колекції Озимої Пшениці Для Отримання Вихідного Матеріалу З Низьким Поглинанням Кадмію

“…Taking into account the insignificant level of phenotypic variation of both traits due to their rigid genetic fixation, the characteristics of the collection of varieties, as a rule, involve the identification of groups with different schemes for realizing the genetic potential of plants. At the average value of the ear productivity index for the collection at the level of 1.21 g, the maximum values were observed in the varieties of Zdobna (25), Oberig Myronivskyi (17) and Osayna (8). In all cases, high values of productivity were provided above the average values of both components.…”

“…(Surabhi, 2015) In many countries technical solutions for decreasing wheat grain cadmium are elaborated. One of the possible way to solve this problem is to create breeding varieties, which are characterized by low ability to uptake this heavy metal (Yue et al, 2018;Zaid et al, 2018).…”

A path toward concurrent biofortification and cadmium mitigation in plant‐based foods

“…Trait or allele mining may be performed in germplasms of nondomesticated species to isolate Cd tolerance‐conferring traits which are then integrated into domesticated cultivars by out‐breeding (Zaid et al ., 2018). A critical issue of this approach is gene drag, that is, undesirable linked alleles brought to elite cultivars together with the trait of interest.…”

Genetic Analysis of Cadmium Tolerance And Exploring Its Inheritance Nature In Bread Wheat

“…Cd is usually released from industrial activities as plastic manufacturing, re ning and mining (Dong et al, 2019). Furthermore, increasing consumption of phosphate fertilizers and irrigation using wastewater leads to widespread Cd pollution in farmland (Zhang et al, 2015;Zaid et al, 2018). Cd causes numerous physiological disorders in lipid and protein synthesis, cell membrane and nutrient metabolism (Chugh and Sawhney 1999;Lesser, 2006).…”

“…Noticeable genotypic differences are detected in grain-Cd accumulation in bread wheat (Clarke et al, 1997;Stolt et al, 2003;Arduini et al, 2014;Guo et al, 2018). Developing tolerant wheat genotypes to Cd-stress with low Cd uptake into grains is the most e cient approach to reduce health threats as well as mitigate its negative impacts on plant growth (Zaid et al, 2018). Breeding Cd-tolerant wheat genotypes with lower Cd content requires crossing among superior individuals followed by selection in succeeding generations based on related traits to Cd-stress (Oladzad-Abbasabadi et al, 2018).…”