Breeding progress in grain filling and grain yield components of six-rowed winter barley

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to quantify the grain yield breeding progress and identify the changes in numerical yield components and grain filling traits of six-rowed winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars under different nitrogen (N) fertilization treatments: 0 kg ha-1 N (0N, control) and 100 kg ha-1 N (100N). Field trials were conducted during two (2015-2016 and 2016-2017) growing seasons in a southern Pannonian location, Novi Sad, Serbia with fifteen six-rowed winter barley cultivars. The rate of genetic gain in grain yield was 0.055 t ha-1 yr-1 at 0N, while at 100N genetic gain was 0.061 t ha-1 yr-1 , indicating that modern winter barley cultivars use the applied N fertilizer more efficiently than older cultivars. Grain yield progress was mainly associated with increased grain number per unit area, grain number per spike, grain weight and harvest index. A positive linear correlation was determined between fruiting efficiency and the year of cultivar release, while changes in spike dry weight at anthesis as influenced by the year of cultivar release were not significant. Breeding progress in grain weight was more related with grain filling and maximum grain filling rate, while grain weight association with grain filling duration was less pronounced. Therefore, further grain yield improvement in six-rowed winter barley should be achieved by simultaneous increase in grain weight and grain number per spike, while maintaining high values of harvest index.

Exploring Adaptation Abilities of Barley Genotypes in Van Growing Conditions for Biomass and Grain Yield

“…The highest variation was observed in Anka-08 (215 spikes) and the lowest variation in SSM was 6 spikes form Calabey (Table 7). Mirosavljević et al (2020) found a significant effect of G, Y, and G x Y interaction. The highest value they obtained range from 406-442.…”

“…The yearly variation was 1.88 seeds, the genotypes Avci 2002, Aydanhanim, Calabey, and Larende were the most affected (4 seeds), whereas Anka-09 and Burakbey showed no variation (Table 7). Mirosavljević et al (2020) found a significant effect genotypes on SPS, with a range value of 48.3-53.1 to 49.8-54.5. However, their research indicated a significant effect of year and G x Y interaction on SPS.…”

Genetic gain in grain yield and main agronomic traits of winter wheat during the past 90 years in Pannonian plain

“…Odsustvo pozitivne veze između mase 1000 zrna i godine priznavanja, i značajna veza broja zrna po jedinici površine sa godinom priznavanja, jasno ukazuju da se porast prinosa novih sorti bazirao na povećanoj produkciji broja zrna . Prethodne studije na ječmu (Mirosavljević et al ., 2020) i na pšenici (Zhou et al ., 2014) su potvrdile da je broj zrna osnovna komponenta prinosa strnih žita i da se selekcija ovih biljnih vrsta uglavnom bazirala na povećanju ove komponente .…”