Brief Report: Renal Failure on Melanoma an Experimental Overview of Melanin and Immuno-Complexes Deposition

Abstract

BackgroundMelanoma is the skin cancer with highest mortality potential, representing about 4% of all skin tumors. This tumor is among the causes of Membranous Nephropathy. This is a disease characterized by diffuse thickening of the glomerular capillary wall due to the accumulation of electrodens immunglobulin depositis along the subepithelial side of the basement membrane. The glomerular wall becomes defective, which in the long term may lead to loss of renal function [1]. In addition to the deposition of immunoglobulin complexes, the abundant secretion of melanin by this type of tumor leads to renal failure. Notably, the clinical progression of patients with metastatic melanoma are renal insufficiency, with a sequence of infections due to immunological involvement, ascites, hypertension and subsequent hypotension associated with sepsis. Melanoma, despite having characteristics of differentiated melanocyte as the secretion of melanin, is a tumor with a high degree of aplasia. The endocrine action and abundant secretion of melanin promotes a break in homeostasis and the kidneys are commonly affected first.In a case report, clinicians described a patient who presented Renal Failure due to deposition of immuno-complexes without apparent cause, after six months the diagnosis of metastatic melanoma was described, the first manifestation being nephropathy [2]. In patients and melanoma-bearing mice experimental models the observation of melanin deposits is common over the abdominal cavity.