Brief report: Response inhibition and processing speed in children with motor difficulties and developmental coordination disorder

Bernardi, Marialivia; Leonard, Hayley C.; Hill, Elisabeth L.; Henry, Lucy A.

doi:10.1080/09297049.2015.1014898

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The findings also contribute to the existing literature on executive control (Bernardi et al ., ; Leonard & Hill, ) by confirming a specific difficulty in inhibition even when motor and verbal demands are eliminated. Neural correlates of antisaccade tasks are widespread, with increased activity evident in the SEF, FEF, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior cingulate cortex, basal ganglia and cerebellum (De Souza, Menon & Everling, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Recent reviews of executive functions in children with DCD have revealed inhibition difficulties, although varying methodologies and task demands (verbal/motor/visuospatial) make comparisons difficult (see Leonard & Hill, ; Wilson, Ruddock, Smits‐Engelsman, Polatajko & Blank, ). A study examining inhibition using separate verbal and motor tasks demonstrated that children with DCD produced more errors in a motor inhibition task but were slower at inhibiting a verbal response (Bernardi, Leonard, Hill & Henry, ). These findings implicate the cognitive control system in DCD and could usefully be extended with an assessment of antisaccade eye movements which have the added benefit of eliminating potential confounds (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oculomotor atypicalities in Developmental Coordination Disorder

Sumner

Hutton

Kuhn

et al. 2016

Developmental Science

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Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) fail to acquire adequate motor skill, yet surprisingly little is known about the oculomotor system in DCD. Successful completion of motor tasks is supported by accurate visual feedback. The purpose of this study was to determine whether any oculomotor differences can distinguish between children with and without a motor impairment. Using eye tracking technology, visual fixation, smooth pursuit, and pro‐ and anti‐saccade performance were assessed in 77 children that formed three groups: children with DCD (aged 7–10), chronologically age (CA) matched peers, and a motor‐match (MM) group (aged 4–7). Pursuit gain and response preparation in the pro‐ and anti‐saccade tasks were comparable across groups. Compared to age controls, children with DCD had deficits in maintaining engagement in the fixation and pursuit tasks, and made more anti‐saccade errors. The two typically developing groups performed similarly, except on the fast speed smooth pursuit and antisaccade tasks, where the CA group outperformed the younger MM group. The findings suggest that children with DCD have problems with saccadic inhibition and maintaining attention on a visual target. Developmental patterns were evident in the typically developing groups, suggesting that the pursuit system and cognitive control develop with age. This study adds to the literature by being the first to systematically identify specific oculomotor differences between children with and without a motor impairment. Further examination of oculomotor control may help to identify underlying processes contributing to DCD. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at: https://youtu.be/NinXa2KlB4M. [Correction added on 27 January 2017, after first online publication: The video abstract link was added.]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oculomotor atypicalities in Developmental Coordination Disorder

Sumner

Hutton

Kuhn

et al. 2016

Developmental Science

Self Cite

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“…everyday memory) was examined in younger children by Chen et al 89 using the RBMT-C; here everyday memory issues were mediated by Verbal IQ. Bernardi et al 81 also showed slower verbal inhibition in DCD when repeating an alternative word, but not motor inhibition when copying an alternate hand gesture (pointed finger versus fist).…”

Section: Test Categories Cognitive Neuroscience Approachmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Executive function. There were 16 papers on executive function (Table SX) These studies covered both conventional themes like cold executive function [79][80][81][82][83] and new themes: executive function under different task constraints, [84][85][86] hot executive function (which concerns the implementation of cognitive control in the context of tasks with a salient reward/motivational component), 87,88 everyday executive function, 89,90 self-regulation during motor learning, 91 motor inhibition, 92 and cognition in young adults with DCD. 93,94 Asonitou et al 80 used a battery approach to investigate executive function in younger children (aged 5-6y), showing moderate correlations between domains of executive function and movement skill.…”

Section: Test Categories Cognitive Neuroscience Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and neuroimaging findings in developmental coordination disorder: new insights from a systematic review of recent research

Wilson

Smits-Engelsman

Caeyenberghs

et al. 2017

Develop Med Child Neuro

185

150

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Taken together, results support the hypothesis that children with DCD show differences in brain structure and function compared with typically developing children. Behaviourally, these differences may affect anticipatory planning and reduce automatization of movement skill, prompting greater reliance on slower feedback-based control and compensatory strategies. Implications for future research, theory development, and clinical practice are discussed.

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“…Wilson and McKenzie’s review (45) showed that children with DCD have poorer visuospatial processing than TD children. They also have difficulties with facial recognition (51), executive functions (52, 53), response inhibition (54, 55), and motor imagery (7, 10, 56, 57). All these processes involve the parietal lobes (and the prefrontal lobe for executive functions), and have, therefore, led researchers to conclude that this brain structure may be involved in DCD (7, 58, 59).…”

Section: Neural Correlates Of Dcd: From Early Hypotheses To the Firstmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Signature of DCD: A Critical Review of MRI Neuroimaging Studies

et al. 2016

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The most common neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g., developmental dyslexia (DD), autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)) have been the subject of numerous neuroimaging studies, leading to certain brain regions being identified as neural correlates of these conditions, referring to a neural signature of disorders. Developmental coordination disorder (DCD), however, remains one of the least understood and studied neurodevelopmental disorders. Given the acknowledged link between motor difficulties and brain features, it is surprising that so few research studies have systematically explored the brains of children with DCD. The aim of the present review was to ascertain whether it is currently possible to identify a neural signature for DCD, based on the 14 magnetic resonance imaging neuroimaging studies that have been conducted in DCD to date. Our results indicate that several brain areas are unquestionably linked to DCD: cerebellum, basal ganglia, parietal lobe, and parts of the frontal lobe (medial orbitofrontal cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex). However, research has been too sparse and studies have suffered from several limitations that constitute a serious obstacle to address the question of a well-established neural signature for DCD.

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Brief report: Response inhibition and processing speed in children with motor difficulties and developmental coordination disorder

Abstract: This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link:

Cited by 30 publications

References 16 publications

Oculomotor atypicalities in Developmental Coordination Disorder

Oculomotor atypicalities in Developmental Coordination Disorder

Cognitive and neuroimaging findings in developmental coordination disorder: new insights from a systematic review of recent research

Neural Signature of DCD: A Critical Review of MRI Neuroimaging Studies

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