Bringing gender into multicultural and international competencies: Strategies and challenges.

Abstract

Bringing gender into Multicultural and international coMpetencies: strategies and challenges Virginia Floresca cawagas i received my basic education from the public school system in a small town in the northern island of the philippines. although Filipino women were granted the right to vote only in 1937, by the 1950s, boys and girls had equal access to education in most towns, cities, and provinces in the philippines. Filipino women's professional roles in the formal educational system were widely recognized as more women were appointed school principals, supervisors, and senior administrative officials. in this respect, the philippine situation was better than other southern countries and regions, where girls and women were marginalized in schooling as well as in higher education opportunities.in 2010, the philippines ranked ninth in the world economic Forum's global gender gap index, a measure of economic participation and opportunity, educational attainment, political empowerment, and health and survival of women (hausmann, tyson, & Zahidi, 2010). the philippines is the only asian country included in the top 10 rankings, which are dominated by the