Bringing resistance modulation to epidemic methicillin resistant S. aureus of dairy through antibiotics coupled metallic oxide nanoparticles

Lodhi, Fizzah Laeeq; Saleem, Muhammad; Aqib, Amjad Islam; Rashid, Imaad; Qureshi, Zafar Iqbal; Anwar, Muhammad; Ashraf, Fozia; Khan, Shanza Rauf; Jamil, Huma; Fatima, Rabia; Javaid, Muhammad Kashif; Muzammil, Iqra; Naseer, Muhammad Aamir; Shoaib, Muhammad; Tanveer, Qaisar

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105138

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In another study, 39.03% of S. aureus were noted from subclinical mastitis. Another study reported a very high prevalence of S. aureus (61.60%) from subclinical mastitis cases [ 35 ]. Subclinical mastitis in the province of the study area revolves around 40-55%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Divergent Analyses of Genetic Relatedness and Evidence‐Based Assessment of Therapeutics of Staphylococcus aureus from Semi‐intensive Dairy Systems

Aziz

Saeed

Dyary

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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Use of antibiotics without following standard guidelines is routine practice in developing countries which is giving rise to genetic divergence and increased drug resistance. The current study analyzed genetic divergence and drug resistance by S. aureus and therapeutic efficacy of novel antibiotic combinations. The study revealed that 42.30% (minimum 20%-maximum 70%) of milk samples are positive for S. aureus. Study also revealed seven SNPs in the S. aureus nuc gene (c.53A>G, c.61A>G, c.73T>C, c.93C>A, c.217C>T, c.280T>C, and c.331T>A). Local isolates Staph-2 and Staph-3 were closely related to Bos taurus nuc gene (bovine S. aureus), while Staph-1 was closely related to Homo sapiens (human S. aureus) indicating shifting of host. Change of two amino acids and staphylococcal nuclease conserved domain was observed in all local isolates of S. aureus. The isoelectric points predicted by protParam of Staph-1, Staph-2, and Staph-3 proteins were 9.30, 9.20, and 9.20, respectively. The antibiotic susceptibility profile of S. aureus presented highest resistance against penicillin (46.67%) and glycopeptide (43.33%). When a single antibiotic regimen was adopted in a field trial, the highest efficacy was reported in the case of oxytetracycline (80%) while lowest was presented by azithromycin. Among antibiotics’ combined regimen, the highest efficacy (80%) was presented by gentamicin with oxytetracycline: cefotaxime with vancomycin; and ciprofloxacin with vancomycin. The current study concluded rising percentages of S. aureus from dairy milk, proofs of genetic host shifts, and altered responses of in on field therapeutics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Divergent Analyses of Genetic Relatedness and Evidence‐Based Assessment of Therapeutics of Staphylococcus aureus from Semi‐intensive Dairy Systems

Aziz

Saeed

Dyary

et al. 2022

BioMed Research International

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“…The net optical density value was calculated by subtracting the OD value at 0 h of incubation from the OD value at the different time intervals. MICs of different preparations were compared among each other, and within each preparation at different time intervals were calculated and compared similar as described in previous studies ( 43 , 44 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of the drug resistance of emerging milk-borne pathogens through sodium alginate-based antibiotics and nanoparticles

Manan

Aqib

Shahbaz³

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Streptococcus agalactiae and Klebsiella pneumoniae are emerging as major milk-borne pathogens. Additionally, resistance to antibiotics of pathogens is of concern. Therefore, this study investigated the prevalence and drug resistance of S. agalactiae and K. pneumoniae in mastitis milk samples and assessed the antimicrobial potential of sodium alginate (G)-stabilized MgO nanoparticles (M) and antibiotics (tylosin [T] and ampicillin [A]) against both of these pathogens. A total of n = 200 milk samples from cattle were collected using purposive sampling, and standard microbiological approaches were adopted to isolate target bacteria. Parametric and non-parametric statistical tests were used to analyze the obtained data. Four preparations, GT (gel-stabilized tylosin), GA (gel-stabilized ampicillin), GTM (tylosin and MgO nanoparticles stabilized in gel), and GAM (ampicillin and MgO nanoparticles stabilized in gel), were evaluated against both bacteria through well diffusion and broth microdilution method. The analysis revealed that 45.24% (95/210) of the milk samples were positive for mastitis, of which 11.58% (11/95) were positive for S. agalactiae and 9.47% (9/95) were positive for K. pneumoniae. S. agalactiae had a significantly higher zone of inhibition (ZOI) than K. pneumoniae against penicillin, tetracycline, and amoxicillin, whereas the opposite was observed against imipenem and erythromycin. All gel (G)-based preparations showed an increase in the percentage of ZOI compared with antibiotics alone, with GTM presenting the highest of all, i.e., 59.09 and 56.25% ZOI compared with tylosin alone against S. agalactiae and K. pneumoniae, respectively. Similarly, in a broth microdilution assay, the lowest MIC was found for K. pneumoniae (9.766 ± 0.0 μg/mL) against GTM, followed by GT, GAM, and GA after incubation for 24 h. A similar response was noted for preparations against S. agalactiae but with a comparatively higher MIC. A significant reduction in MIC with respect to incubation time was found at 8 h and remained until at 20 h against both pathogens. The cytotoxicity of the MgO nanoparticles used in this study was significantly lower than that of the positive control. Overall, this study found that K. pneumoniae and S. agalactiae appeared higher in prevalence and antimicrobial resistance, and sodium alginate-based antibiotics and MgO nanoparticles were effective alternative approaches for tackling antimicrobial resistance.

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“…The prevalence of LA-MRSA from different studies also noted higher from different countries as mentioned in Table 1 . Recent studies conducted in Pakistan detected 15.6% LA-MRSA from goat milk ( Muzammil et al, 2021 ), 24.5% from cow milk ( Lodhi et al, 2021 ), 30.4% from cats ( Shoaib et al, 2020 ), and 33.9% from dogs ( Shoaib et al, 2020 ). Another study conducted in Malaysia in 2018 detected 38.6% MRSA from cow milk ( Aklilu and Chia, 2020 ).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Mrsamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( Shameli et al, 2010 ) conducted study to evaluate the antibacterial activity of green silver nitrate nanoparticles against MRSA isolates and found that green silver nitrate nanoparticles exhibited the strong antibacterial activity by inhibiting the growth of MRSA in in vitro model. Another study was conducted by Lodhi et al (2021) who evaluated the antibacterial activity of zinc oxide NPs alone and in combination with antibiotic and found increased antibacterial activity when NPs were used in combination with antibiotic. Another study conducted by Wichai et al (2019) in Thailand who use a complex combination of nanomaterials with other materials (bacterial cellulose + sodium alginate NPs + chitosan + copper sulfate) and found that NPs exhibited a strong antibacterial activity against MRSA strains.…”

Section: Current and Futuristic Approaches To Treat Mrsa Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MRSA compendium of epidemiology, transmission, pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention within one health framework

et al. 2023

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Staphylococcus aureus is recognized as commensal as well as opportunistic pathogen of humans and animals. Methicillin resistant strain of S. aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a major pathogen in hospitals, community and veterinary settings that compromises the public health and livestock production. MRSA basically emerged from MSSA after acquiring SCCmec element through gene transfer containing mecA gene responsible for encoding PBP-2α. This protein renders the MRSA resistant to most of the β-lactam antibiotics. Due to the continuous increasing prevalence and transmission of MRSA in hospitals, community and veterinary settings posing a major threat to public health. Furthermore, high pathogenicity of MRSA due to a number of virulence factors produced by S. aureus along with antibiotic resistance help to breach the immunity of host and responsible for causing severe infections in humans and animals. The clinical manifestations of MRSA consist of skin and soft tissues infection to bacteremia, septicemia, toxic shock, and scalded skin syndrome. Moreover, due to the increasing resistance of MRSA to number of antibiotics, there is need to approach alternatives ways to overcome economic as well as human losses. This review is going to discuss various aspects of MRSA starting from emergence, transmission, epidemiology, pathophysiology, disease patterns in hosts, novel treatment, and control strategies.

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Bringing resistance modulation to epidemic methicillin resistant S. aureus of dairy through antibiotics coupled metallic oxide nanoparticles

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

[Retracted] Divergent Analyses of Genetic Relatedness and Evidence‐Based Assessment of Therapeutics of Staphylococcus aureus from Semi‐intensive Dairy Systems

[Retracted] Divergent Analyses of Genetic Relatedness and Evidence‐Based Assessment of Therapeutics of Staphylococcus aureus from Semi‐intensive Dairy Systems

Modification of the drug resistance of emerging milk-borne pathogens through sodium alginate-based antibiotics and nanoparticles

MRSA compendium of epidemiology, transmission, pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention within one health framework

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