Bringing wild relatives back into the family: recovering genetic diversity in CIMMYT improved wheat germplasm

Warburton, Marilyn L.; Crossa, J.; Franco, Jorge; Kazi, Mujeeb; Trethowan, Richard; Rajaram, S.; Pfeiffer, W. H.; Zhang, P.; Dreisigacker, Susanne; Ginkel, M. van

doi:10.1007/s10681-005-9077-0

Cited by 149 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…1, the values of PPO activity and YPC in T. aestivum both are the lowest and more centralized in a narrow range. This is highly consistent with the well-documented previous reports that the genetic variation of common wheat greatly decreased due to its evolution history and long-time domestication (Reif et al, 2005;Warburton et al, 2006). One of the main purpose of synthesis hexaploid wheat is to increase the missing genetic variation caused by "genetic bottleneck" (van Ginkel and Ogbonnaya, 2007), and this function unequivocally confirmed here in the form of the considerable PPO activity variation within synthetic hexaploid wheat, which are comparable to the variation existed in T. turgidum.…”

Section: Comparing Ppo Activity and Ypc Of Shw With Its Correspondingsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Hereafter, synthetic hexaploid wheat and its derivatives synthesized in a large scale through artificial colchicine-doubling or spontaneous doubling under the function of unreduced gametes by USA, Mexico and other institutes all over the world (van Ginkel and Ogbonnaya, 2007). Due to only a few donor parents participated in the origin of common wheat, its genetic diversity has been largely decreased (so-called "genetic bottleneck") (Reif et al, 2005;Warburton et al, 2006). Synthetic hexaploid wheat are supposed to increase the gene-pool of hexaploid wheat (BBA u A u DD) since a substantial number subspecies of T. turgidum and Ae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polyphenol oxidase activity and yellow pigment content in Aegilops tauschii, Triticum turgidum, Triticum aestivum, synthetic hexaploid wheat and its parents

Wang

et al. 2015

Journal of Cereal Science

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Section: Comparing Ppo Activity and Ypc Of Shw With Its Correspondingsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol oxidase activity and yellow pigment content in Aegilops tauschii, Triticum turgidum, Triticum aestivum, synthetic hexaploid wheat and its parents

Wang

et al. 2015

Journal of Cereal Science

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“…Synthetic wheats-In order to expand the diversity of the D genome in the common wheat germplasm, several breeding programs undertook the creation of a large number of synthetic wheats -hexaploid varieties derived from crossing modern tetraploid (AABB) durum varieties with different accessions of Aegilops tauschii, the wild diploid donor of the D genome (Warburton et al 2006). We screened a small collection of ten synthetic wheat lines to determine the extent to which the nine-gene Fr-B2 deletion had been incorporated into these wheats via the tetraploid parent.…”

Section: Distribution Of Fr-b2 Deletions Among Tetraploid Wheat Populmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large deletions in the CBF gene cluster at the Fr-B2 locus are associated with reduced frost tolerance in wheat

et al. 2013

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Wheat plants which are exposed to periods of low temperatures (cold acclimation) exhibit increased survival rates when they are subsequently exposed to freezing temperatures. This process is associated with large-scale changes in the transcriptome which are modulated by a set of tandemly duplicated CBF (C-repeat Binding Factor) transcription factors located at the Fr-2 (Frost Resistance-2) locus. While Arabidopsis has three tandemly duplicated CBF genes, the CBF family in wheat has undergone an expansion and at least 15 CBF genes have been identified, eleven of which are present at the Fr-2 loci on homoeologous group 5 chromosomes. We report here the discovery of three large deletions which eliminate six, nine, and all eleven CBF genes from the Fr-B2 locus in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. In wild emmer wheat, the Fr-B2 deletions were found only among the accessions from the southern sub-populations. Among cultivated wheats, the Fr-B2 deletions were more common among varieties with a spring growth habit than among those with a winter growth habit. Replicated freezing tolerance experiments showed that both the deletion of nine CBF genes in tetraploid wheat and the complete Fr-B2 deletion in hexaploid wheat are associated with significant reductions in survival after exposure to freezing temperatures. Our results suggest that selection for the wild type Fr-B2 allele may be beneficial for breeders selecting for varieties with improved frost tolerance.

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“…In addition, the breaking of a domestication bottleneck by using advanced breeding techniques such as synthetic hybrids in wheat (Warburton et al, 2006) might have been partly instrumental in increasing the total diversity.…”

Section: Diversity Trends In Modern Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic erosion in crops: concept, research results and challenges

et al. 2009

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The loss of variation in crops due to the modernization of agriculture has been described as genetic erosion. The current paper discusses the different views that exist on the concept of genetic erosion in crops. Genetic erosion of cultivated diversity is reflected in a modernization bottleneck in the diversity levels that occurred during the history of the crop. Two stages in this bottleneck are recognized: the initial replacement of landraces by modern cultivars; and further trends in diversity as a consequence of modern breeding practices. Genetic erosion may occur at three levels of integration: crop, variety and allele. The different approaches in the recent literature to measure genetic erosion in crops are reviewed. Genetic erosion as reflected in a reduction of allelic evenness and richness appears to be the most useful definition, but has to be viewed in conjunction with events at variety level. According to the reviewed literature, the most likely scenario of diversity trends during modernization is the following: a reduction in diversity due to the replacement of landraces by modern cultivars, but no further reduction after this replacement has been completed.

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Bringing wild relatives back into the family: recovering genetic diversity in CIMMYT improved wheat germplasm

Cited by 149 publications

References 33 publications

Polyphenol oxidase activity and yellow pigment content in Aegilops tauschii, Triticum turgidum, Triticum aestivum, synthetic hexaploid wheat and its parents

Polyphenol oxidase activity and yellow pigment content in Aegilops tauschii, Triticum turgidum, Triticum aestivum, synthetic hexaploid wheat and its parents

Large deletions in the CBF gene cluster at the Fr-B2 locus are associated with reduced frost tolerance in wheat

Genetic erosion in crops: concept, research results and challenges

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