Broad-Specificity Immunoassay for Simultaneous Detection of Ochratoxins A, B, and C in Millet and Maize

Abstract

Ochratoxins A, B, and C (OTA, OTB, and OTC) can be found in cereals and feeds; the simultaneous detection of these ochratoxins holds a great need in food safety. In this study, four antibodies raised from two ochrotoxin haptens and two coating antigens were compared, and then a sensitive and broad-specificity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established for the simultaneous determination of three ochratoxins, where the detection limits were 0.005, 0.001, and 0.001 ng/mL for OTA, OTB, and OTC, respectively, and recoveries of three ochratoxins were between 84.3% and 111.7%. This developed method had been successfully applied to detect ochratoxins in both millet and maize. Molecular modeling revealed that the broad-specificity was related with the chlorine electronegativity on OTA and OTC and the potential of the acetyl ester group on OTC. The proposed ELISA can be used for simultaneous detection of three ochratoxins.

Heterologous immunoassay strategy for enhancing detection sensitivity of banned dye rhodamine B in fraudulent food

“…2c-d. BSA and OVA have the maximum absorption peak at 280 nm, and RB has a maximum absorption peak at 553 nm, while the characteristic absorption peaks of the conjugate RB-BSA and RB-OVA were at 565 nm, which differed significantly from the spectrogram of RB, and BSA/OVA, indicated that the coupling of RB-BSA/OVA was successful [25]. Similar analysis was carried out for RBITC-BSA/OVA, and therefore, the coupling of RBITC-BSA/OVA was confirmed to be successful.…”

“…The generation of pAbs was similar to the previous work [25]. Briefly, two kinds of immunogens, RB-BSA and RBITC-BSA, were injected to the New Zealand rabbits, respectively.…”

A comprehensive study of eriocitrin metabolism in vivo and in vitro based on an efficient UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS strategy

“…In general, the larger the clog P value, the longer the retention time will be in the reversed-phase chromatography system. [26][27][28][29][30] According to the above method, a total of 32 metabolites in vivo and 27 metabolites in vitro (12 metabolites in rat liver microsomes and 20 metabolites in rat intestinal ora) were identied and are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In addition, the structures of all metabolites are presented in Fig.…”

IgY Reduces AFB1-Induced Cytotoxicity, Cellular Dysfunction, and Genotoxicity in Human L-02 Hepatocytes and Swan 71 Trophoblasts

“…The competitive indirect enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (CI-ELISA) was performed according to an ELISA protocol described previously. 22 The 96-well plates were coated with AFB 1 -GA-OVA (100 μL/well), incubated overnight at 37 °C, and then washed twice with PBST solution containing 0.5% Tween-20 in PBS. The plates were then blocked with blocking buffer at 37 °C for 3 h and dried at 37 °C for 1 h. For the negative control wells of the precoated plates, IgY dilutions (50 μL/well) and PBS (50 μL/well) were added.…”