Broadband and chiral binary dielectric meta-holograms

Khorasaninejad, Mohammadreza; Ambrosio, Antonio; Kanhaiya, Pritpal; Capasso, Federico

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501258

Cited by 298 publications

(252 citation statements)

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“…Complementary V‐shaped structures have been utilized to introduce an eight‐level phase and a two‐level amplitude distribution for the reconstruction of a holographic image in visible light with efficiency of 10% . PB‐phase metasurfaces or geometric metasurfaces have also been widely used for the design of metaholograms due to their superior phase control . For example, three‐dimensional (3D) optical holography has been demonstrated to project an on‐axis 3D jet‐shaped image with a wide FOV evaluated as ±40° ( Figure a).…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals and Applications of Metasurfaces

2017

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Metasurfaces have become a rapidly growing field of research in recent years due to their exceptional abilities in light manipulation and versatility in ultrathin optical applications. They also significantly benefit from their simplified fabrication process compared to metamaterials and are promising for integration with on‐chip nanophotonic devices owing to their planar profiles. The recent progress in metasurfaces is reviewed and they are classified into six categories according to their underlying physics for realizing full 2π phase manipulation. Starting from multi‐resonance and gap‐plasmon metasurfaces that rely on the geometric effect of plasmonic nanoantennas, Pancharatnam–Berry‐phase metasurfaces, on the other hand, use identical nanoantennas with varying rotation angles. The recent development of Huygens' metasurfaces and all‐dielectric metasurfaces especially benefit from highly efficient transmission applications. An overview of state‐of‐the‐art fabrication technologies is introduced, ranging from the commonly used processes such as electron beam and focused‐ion‐beam lithography to some emerging techniques, such as self‐assembly and nanoimprint lithography. A variety of functional materials incorporated to reconfigurable or tunable metasurfaces is also presented. Finally, a few of the current intriguing metasurface‐based applications are discussed, and opinions on future prospects are provided.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamentals and Applications of Metasurfaces

2017

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“…2a are attributable to fabrication imperfections and an assump- tion by the phase reconstruction algorithm of uniform amplitude transmission at each point (x, y). It should be noted that while metasurface chiral holograms for circular polarizations have been reported [18,19], the phase profiles imparted on each circular polarization, and thus the projected far-fields, are not fully independent due to a reliance on geometric phase alone. In these cases, only sections of the far-field (such as individual diffraction orders) can contain independent images for each chirality.…”

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Metasurface Polarization Optics: Independent Phase Control of Arbitrary Orthogonal States of Polarization

et al. 2017

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“…A metahologram that can generate switchable dual images by controlling the incident polarization state based on the reflective resonant phase configuration for a visible wavelength was presented. [66,189] Broadband polarization-multiplexed metaholograms that operate throughout the visible and NIR range and are associated with the traditional detour phase have been presented under both circular [190] and linear polarization incidences. [66,189] Broadband polarization-multiplexed metaholograms that operate throughout the visible and NIR range and are associated with the traditional detour phase have been presented under both circular [190] and linear polarization incidences.…”

Section: Wwwadvopticalmatdementioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Manipulation of Electromagnetic Waves with Metasurfaces and Its Applications in Nanophotonics

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2018

Advanced Optical Materials

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elements. Thus, realizing phase manipulation of EM waves at the nanoscale has become a key pursuit for the development of modern optics and nanophotonics.Metamaterials are 3D artificial nanostructures composed of periodic subwavelength unit cells that resonantly couple to the incident EM waves, exhibiting effective electric and magnetic responses not found in nature. [1][2][3] However, these promising potential applications are hindered in their applications due to the challenges of fabricating the required complex 3D nanostructures and the inherent metallic losses and strong dispersion of plasmonic elements at optical frequencies. Planar metamaterials, or so-called metasurfaces, can be fabricated using existing technologies, such as the lithography method and have attracted increasing attention due to their feasibility, low loss, and ease of fabrication. [4,5] The most prominent advantage of metasurfaces is that they can generate spatial phase discontinuities over the full 2π range with an optically thin interface; moreover, the resolution is less than one wavelength. Thus, wavefronts can be shaped with a distance of much less than the wavelength. With the increasing development of metasurfaces, the aforementioned limitations can be solved using various ultrathin optical devices, which have properties superior to their conventional counterparts. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Here, we concentrate on the new capabilities of metasurfaces in recent years in manipulating the phase and propagation behaviors of EM waves. In Section 2, we briefly introduce the underlying mechanisms of three types of phase discontinuities. In Section 3, we review the basic applications of phase modulation using metasurfaces. In Section 4, we review more complex and advanced information photonics that have emerged from metasurfaces. In the last section, we provide concluding remarks and an outlook on future development directions. Three Basic Types of Phase Discontinuities Generated by Metasurfaces Resonance PhaseThe pioneering approach to achieve phase discontinuities was to use the dispersion of various metallic nanoantennas, as shown in the left panel of Figure 1a. The optical energy is coupled to surface EM waves propagating back and forth along the antenna surface. Due to the localized surface plasmon resonance, these waves are accompanied by oscillating free electrons Relative to conventional phase-modulation optical elements, metasurfaces (i.e., 2D versions of metamaterials) have shown novel optical phenomena and promising functionalities with more compact platforms and more straightforward fabrication processes. With the ability to generate a spatial phase variation, optical wavefronts can be manipulated into arbitrary shapes at will, enabling new phenomena and integrated ultrathin optical devices to be explored. This review is focused on recent developments regarding phase manipulation of electromagnetic waves with metasurfaces. Starting from their underlying physics for realizing full 2π phase manipulation, an overview of the applica...

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Broadband and chiral binary dielectric meta-holograms

Abstract: This is a study of basic holographic principles in designing new nanostructured devices that enable broadband and chiral imaging.

Cited by 298 publications

References 35 publications

Fundamentals and Applications of Metasurfaces

Fundamentals and Applications of Metasurfaces

Metasurface Polarization Optics: Independent Phase Control of Arbitrary Orthogonal States of Polarization

Phase Manipulation of Electromagnetic Waves with Metasurfaces and Its Applications in Nanophotonics

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