Broadband Power Line Communication for Integration of Energy Sensors within a Smart City Ecosystem

Sláčik, Ján; Mlýnek, Petr; Rusz, Martin; Musil, Petr; Benesl, Lukas; Ptacek, Michal

doi:10.3390/s21103402

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Note that 17% can find both in NANs and WSNs, respectively, pointing out a great opportunity to develop smart grids with softwaredefined topologies. Internet of Things [19,23,24,27,28,30,31,36,37,58,64,66,73,74,79,105,107] Machine learning [20,29,32,51,55,56,60,62,69,78,80,81,85,98,102,106] Data mining [47,107] Machine learning and neural training [21,54,69,81,96] Short term memory network [41,61] Power Line Communication Technology [53,63,90] Power electronics [35,50,99,101,<...>…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-speed bandwidth-as one of the main requirements of SGs-can be fulfilled using Broadband Power Lines (BPLC). Slacik et al [90] use Power Line Communication (PLC) Technology as a simulation option in BPLC area to achieve complex simulations tools whose focal point is end devices communication. A review about Power Line communications (PLC) shows that NS-3 covers satisfactorily enough simulations.…”

Section: Not Definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Comprehensive Review on Smart Grids: Challenges and Opportunities

Escobar

Matamoros

Tejeida-Padilla

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Recently, the operation of distribution systems does not depend on the state or utility based on centralized procedures, but rather the decentralization of the decisions of the distribution companies whose objectives are the efficiency of interconnectivity. Therefore, distribution companies are exposed to greater risks, and due to this, the need to make decisions based on increasingly reliable models has grown up considerably. Therefore, we present a survey of key aspects, technologies, protocols, and case studies of the current and future trend of Smart Grids. This work proposes a taxonomy of a large number of technologies in Smart Grids and their applications in scenarios of Smart Networks, Neural Networks, Blockchain, Industrial Internet of Things, or Software-Defined Networks. Therefore, this work summarizes the main features of 94 research articles ranging the last four years. We classify these survey, according Smart Grid Network Topologies, because it can group as the main axis the sensors applied to Smart Grids, as it shows us the interconnection forms generalization of the Smart Networks with respect to the sensors found in a home or industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Not Definedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Smart Grids: Challenges and Opportunities

Escobar

Matamoros

Tejeida-Padilla

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…NB-PLC technology is very suitable for Smart Grids and AMI applications, as reflected in different studies [10,11] and pilot projects developed by main DSOs, such as, e.g., STAR (Iberdrola) [12] or SmartCity Málaga (ENEL) [13]. Nevertheless, BPL is gaining momentum in Smart Grid and AMI scenarios as a solution not only for transmitting aggregated traffic through long distances (e.g., MV-BPL cells) [14] but also for smart meter communications in last-mile [15] and other related applications [16].…”

Section: Plc Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Web-Based Toolkit for Performance Simulation and Analysis of Power Line Communication Networks

Sanz

Moreno²,

López³

et al. 2021

Energies

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AMIs (Advanced Metering Infrastructures) present an important role in Smart City environments, especially from the point of view of distribution and customers, offering control and monitoring capabilities. The use of PLC (Power Line Communication) technology offers a wide range of advantages in AMI, including not needing to deploy an additional communication infrastructure. However, the electrical network was not initially designed for communications, as these networks pose problems depending on the connected loads, such as network impedance variation, frequency selectivity or noise. For this reason, the use of simulators is proposed to facilitate the deployments based on PLC networks, and analysis and diagnosis tools for the identification of problems in operating networks are also required. This paper presents a toolkit for evaluating and analyzing the performance of PLC networks. This toolkit is composed of SimPRIME, a simulator for the evaluation of NB-PLC PRIME (PoweR line Intelligent Metering Evolution) networks’ performance; SimBPL, a simulator for the evaluation of MV-BPL (Broadband Power Line over Medium Voltage) cells’ performance; and PRIME Analytics, a forensics tool that allows diagnosis of communication problems in PRIME operational networks based on traffic traces. The toolkit has been developed throughout several research projects in close collaboration with DSOs (Distribution System Operators) and equipment manufacturers, so they provide solutions to actual problems of these industry key players and have been adapted to facilitate their use. As a result, the tools are accessible through web applications to increase their usability, portability, and scalability. These applications represent the first steps in offering PLC simulation and analysis as a service that could benefit the research community, academia, and industry.

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“…Nevertheless, microwave covers only a maximum of 30 miles requiring relay stations for longer reach and may suffer disruption on bad weather (Thakur, 2018). Deviating from the traditional backhauls, Broadband over Powerline (BPL) has also been used for broadband backhaul as it has been proven to offer capacity of up to 500Mbps physical (PHY) layer operating at a frequency below 100 MHz (Slacik et al, 2021). However, this technology works well with Medium Voltage; MV (1,000-35,000 Volts) and Low Voltage; LV (120/240 Volts) as High Voltages; HV (155,000 -765,000 Volts) are prone to interference that may occur due to spiking frequencies, resulting in damage to the RF signal being carried along (Hossain et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a low-cost sustainable broadband solution in rural areas of low and middle-income countries: Tanzania’s backhaul perspective

Kalula,

Dida,

Zaipuna

2023

Int. J. Eng. Sci. Tech

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Although broadband internet has proven to accelerate the fulfilment of the information and communication for development (ICT4D) agenda, connectivity issues persist in some regions of the world, particularly in rural areas of Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) which host 93% of the unconnected global population. Due to the lack of economic feasibility in these locations for service providers, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) has been advocating for low-cost sustainable solutions in such areas. Among the challenging broadband infrastructure segment seems to be the backhaul (middle-mile) as rural areas are remotely located from the backbone end-points. With Tanzania exemplifying LMICs, this paper presents a Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) to compare the widely utilized backhaul (Microwave) and the promising Broadband over Power Line (BPL) towards achieving low-cost broadband solutions. To demonstrate technical viability in terms of capacity, Pathloss and MATLAB were utilized from which both technologies demonstrated the broadband-suitably capacity (161Mbps for Microwave and 168.99Mbs for BPL). From economic perspective, the Total Cost of Ownership (TCOs) for both technologies were determined using a Cost Model; BPL fared better as the cost of establishing one microwave link could have established almost 6 BPL links. Apart from adding to the body of knowledge on TEAs involving backhauls, this paper informs policymakers and other related stakeholders on the potential cost-benefit of BPL towards curbing the existing broadband connectivity gap.

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Broadband Power Line Communication for Integration of Energy Sensors within a Smart City Ecosystem

Cited by 13 publications

References 63 publications

A Comprehensive Review on Smart Grids: Challenges and Opportunities

A Comprehensive Review on Smart Grids: Challenges and Opportunities

Web-Based Toolkit for Performance Simulation and Analysis of Power Line Communication Networks

Towards a low-cost sustainable broadband solution in rural areas of low and middle-income countries: Tanzania’s backhaul perspective

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