Broadleaf competition interferes with balsam fir regeneration following experimental removal of moose

McLaren, Brian; Hermanutz, Luise; Gosse, John W.; Collet, Benoit; Kasimos, Costa

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2008.12.009

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Deer browsing during the first decade after logging may determine field layer and future canopy composition (Tremblay et al 2006, 2007, McLaren et al 2009), and may thus have drastic consequences for the remainder of succession. In the case of Anticosti Island, canopy dominance may entirely shift from A. balsamea toward Picea spp., forming an alternative successional trajectory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a system where multiple alternative states potentially exist, herbivores may not only slow down or accelerate succession; but also they may change the direction of succession through their effect on key plant species (Seabloom andRichards 2003, Baskett andSalomon 2010). In a direct sense, herbivores may cause species extirpation through overgrazing (Augustine et al 1998, McLaren et al 2009). Indirectly, herbivores may mediate the relationships between intolerant and tolerant plants, providing an apparent competitive advantage to the latter (Holt 1977, Tremblay et al 2007.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A large herbivore triggers alternative successional trajectories in the boreal forest

Hidding

Tremblay

Côté

2013

Ecology

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Abstract. Alternative successional trajectories (AST) may result in multiple climax states within an ecosystem when disturbances affect colonization history. In the boreal forest, ungulates have been proposed to drive AST because, under herbivore pressure, preferred species may go extinct and apparent competition may benefit browsing-resistant species. Over a 15-year period following logging, we tested whether deer herbivory altered plant species composition and whether the competitive advantage of resistant species was maintained following herbivore removal. We compared exclosures built immediately after logging with delayed exclosures built eight years later on Anticosti Island, Quebec, Canada. Although the palatable tree Betula papyrifera (paper birch) and some palatable herbs recovered in delayed exclosures, we observed legacies in both tree and herb cover. Woody regeneration in delayed exclosures was dominated by Picea glauca (white spruce), and Poaceae (grasses) were abundant in the field layer. Given that only early-successional species recovered, whereas latesuccessional broadleaf species and Abies balsamea (balsam fir) remained rare, succession may follow an AST after a limited browsing period during early succession.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large herbivore triggers alternative successional trajectories in the boreal forest

Hidding

Tremblay

Côté

2013

Ecology

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“…Воздействие инвайдеров может либо при-водить к полному уничтожению молодых поколе-ний, либо в значительной степени замедлять про-цесс их роста и развития до такой степени, что происходит смена эдификатора древесного яруса [12]. Наши данные свидетельствуют об ощутимом, но не предельном давлении уссурийского полигра-фа на возобновительные процессы.…”

Section: природопользованиеunclassified

Regularities of Changes in the Structure of Fir Forests Damaged as a Result of the Invasion of Polygraphus Proximus

Дебков¹

2018

Forestry Engineering Journal

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The era of globalization is accompanied by large-scale invasions of dendrophilic insects into forest ecosystems around the world. As a rule, the impact of invaders on native species leads to negative consequences. Perspective fore-casts of the development of the situation with alien species are not encouraging. In this regard, research on the nature and degree of transformation of natural ecosystems under the influence of invasive organisms is becoming increasingly important. The mechanism of invasion of Polygraphus proximus Blandf. in forests dominated by Siberian fir Abies sibirica Ledeb. on the territory of the Tomsk region is considered in the article. The aim of the research has been to evaluate structural changes in fir forests of Western Siberia damaged by Polygraphus proximus. Studies have been conducted in the southern part of the Tomsk region on permanent trial plots. The objects of research have been ferns and small-grass-green-moss fir forests. The structure of fir forests has been studied using standard methods. When assessing the health status, a specialized scale has been used. The main taxation parameters of the stand and natural renewal have been measured. As a result of the research, it has been revealed that the main influence of the invader falls on trees having an average diameter up to an average step of thickness inclusive. A consequence of this is an increase in the mean values of height, age, and diameter of the stand. Also, the result of the direct impact of the Polygraphus proximus is a decrease in the density of the stand by 34-37%, and the reserve by 30%. There is no significant influence of the provider on the change in the completeness and bonitet of the plantation. Reducing the closeness of crowns has led to the replacement of typical southern taiga and moss with high-grass groupings in the windows of desiccation. It is established that the activity of Polygraphus proximus can lead to a short-term change of species in mixed plantations, which is observed in ferns

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“…overabundant moose) remains. Restoration actions that combine moose reductions with a seedling planting program to restore natural regenerative processes (McLaren et al 2009) may be the best first step for managers of Gros Morne National Park. In Point Pelee National Park (Canada), culling of overabundant white-tailed deer herds combined with reintroductions of mid-successional trees and shrubs, passive restoration (i.e.…”

Section: Management Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of non-native plant and animal invaders on gap regeneration in a protected boreal forest

Humber

Hermanutz

2011

Biol Invasions

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In balsam fir (Abies balsamea)-dominated boreal forests of Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland (Canada), non-native Cirsium arvense (Canada thistle) has invaded forest gaps. Its management is complicated by the lack of viable control techniques and an overarching issue of gap regeneration failure attributed to browsing by non-native moose (Alces alces). This study identifies the impacts of thistle invasion on balsam fir regeneration and explores protocols to re-establish fir in gaps invaded by thistle and moose. Fir seeds were planted into ten gaps (five natural; five anthropogenic) and the emergence, growth, herbivory damage, and survival of fir was determined for 2 years amongst five treatments (n = 50 plots; 32 seeds/plot): (1) thistle monocultures in gaps; (2) where aboveground thistle biomass was removed; (3) where above-and below-ground thistle biomass was removed; (4) non-invaded areas in gaps; and, (5) adjacent uninvaded forest edges. In addition, 432 fir seedlings (aged 15 months) were transplanted into four forest gaps within the above treatments and followed for 1 year. Results indicate that invasion of C. arvense negatively affects fir emergence and early survival, and may further contribute to continued balsam fir regeneration failure independent of future moose densities. However, older fir seedlings transplanted into thistle monocultures experienced a positive facilitative effect due to the protection thistle provided against small mammal herbivory. Restoration actions that combine moose density reductions with the planting of fir seedlings offers the most viable long-term strategy to re-establish the native forest canopy in thistle-invaded gaps and would likely lead to the eventual decline of shade-intolerant C. arvense.

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Broadleaf competition interferes with balsam fir regeneration following experimental removal of moose

Cited by 27 publications

References 46 publications

A large herbivore triggers alternative successional trajectories in the boreal forest

A large herbivore triggers alternative successional trajectories in the boreal forest

Regularities of Changes in the Structure of Fir Forests Damaged as a Result of the Invasion of Polygraphus Proximus

Impacts of non-native plant and animal invaders on gap regeneration in a protected boreal forest

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