Broiler responses to increasing selenium supplementation using Zn-L-selenomethionine with special attention to breast myopathies

Abstract

A study was conducted to evaluate growth performance, carcass and breast yields, and the occurrence and severity of white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB) myopathies of broilers fed diets supplemented with increasing dietary levels of an organic source of selenium (Zn-L-SeMet). Broilers were fed 6 treatments with 12 replications of 26 birds in a 4-phase feeding program from 1 to 42 days. Corn-soy-based diets were supplemented with 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 ppm of Zn-L-SeMet. At 42 d, 6 birds were randomly selected from each pen (n = 72) and processed for carcass and breast yields. Breast fillets were scored for WS and WB at 42 days. Increasing Zn-L-SeMet led to quadratic responses (P < 0.05) for FCR from 1 to 7 d, BWG from 22 to 35 d, and for both responses from 8 to 21 d and 36 to 42 d, as well as in the overall period of 42 days. Carcass and breast yields presented a quadratic improvement (P < 0.01) with increasing Zn-L-SeMet supplementation and Se requirements were estimated at 0.85 and 0.86 ppm, respectively. In the overall period, estimates of Se requirements were 0.64 ppm for BWG and 0.67 ppm for FCR. White striping and WB scores presented quadratic increases (P < 0.01), and maximum scores were observed at 0.68 and 0.67 ppm, respectively. Broilers fed diets formulated without Se supplementation had a higher percentage of normal fillets compared to other Se supplementation levels (quadratic, P < 0.05). In conclusion, increasing Se supplementation to reach maximum growth performance led to higher degrees of severity of WS and WB. Selenium requirements determined in the present study were significantly higher than the present commercial recommendations.

Wooden‐Breast, White Striping, and Spaghetti Meat: Causes, Consequences and Consumer Perception of Emerging Broiler Meat Abnormalities

“…The main strategies involved reduction of dietary intake of energy or amino acids by either feed restriction or changing feed formulation (Cruz et al., ; Kuttappan et al., ; Livingston et al., ; Livingston, Ferket, Brake, & Livingston, ; Meloche, Fancher, Emmerson, Bilgili, & Dozier, ; Sachs et al., ; Trocino et al., ,b,c,d; Zampiga et al., ). However, overall a reduction in the occurrence of breast muscle abnormalities was observed almost exclusively as an indirect result of decreased growth rate, slaughter weight, and/or breast yield (Cemin et al., ; Cruz et al., ; Livingston et al., ; Meloche, Dozier, Brandebourg, & Starkey, ; Sachs et al., ). Only a minimal dietary feed restriction (95%) and short‐term reduction of lysine have allowed to slightly reduce severity of WS and WB, but adoption of these strategies under commercial condition are challenging (Meloche et al., ).…”

The Incidence of Muscle Abnormalities in Broiler Breast Meat – A Review

“…If not combated by the animals’ natural line of defense, however, the free radicals may lead to more cellular destruction due to lipid peroxidation of the biological membranes and compromise their structure and functions ( Zhao et al., 1998 ). Trace minerals such as Se, Zn, Mn, and Cu are important for the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and play important roles in growth, immunity and gut health of animals ( Cemin et al, 2018 ; York et al, 2016 ). Dietary supplementation of those minerals in combination with antioxidants enhanced the bird's natural defense system in the tissues, which are essential to combat free radical production ( Kidd, 2004 ; Midorikawa et al, 2001 ).…”

Muscle Metabolome Profiles in Woody Breast-(un)Affected Broilers: Effects of Quantum Blue Phytase-Enriched Diet

“…WB incidence has increased drastically from an average of 5% in 2012 to 29% in 2015 and has been reported to affect up to 50% in other flocks (8). WB myopathy is emerging on a global scale, already present in Finland (9), France (10), Italy (5), Spain (11), Brazil (12,13), United Kingdom (14), Japan (15), and in several other countries, and it is negatively impacting global chicken meat production and quality.…”