Bromazepam increases the error of the time interval judgments and modulates the EEG alpha asymmetry during time estimation

Silva, Paulo Ramiler; Marinho, Victor; Magalhães, Francisco; Farias, Tiago; Gupta, Daya S.; Barbosa, André Luiz R.; Velasques, Bruna; Ribeiro, Pedro; Cagy, Maurício; Bastos, Víctor Hugo; Teixeira, Silmar

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2022.103317

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 78 publications

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“…In the work of Silva et al ( 2022 ), in turn, the effects of oral bromazepam (a drug used for short-term treatment of anxiety by generating calming effects) on time perception were explored. The study monitored the EEG alpha asymmetry in electrodes associated with the frontal and motor cortex.…”

Section: Time Perception Research: Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying time perception during virtual reality gameplay using a multimodal biosensor-instrumented headset: a feasibility study

Moinnereau

Oliveira²,

Falk

2023

Front. Neuroergonomics

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We have all experienced the sense of time slowing down when we are bored or speeding up when we are focused, engaged, or excited about a task. In virtual reality (VR), perception of time can be a key aspect related to flow, immersion, engagement, and ultimately, to overall quality of experience. While several studies have explored changes in time perception using questionnaires, limited studies have attempted to characterize them objectively. In this paper, we propose the use of a multimodal biosensor-embedded VR headset capable of measuring electroencephalography (EEG), electrooculography (EOG), electrocardiography (ECG), and head movement data while the user is immersed in a virtual environment. Eight gamers were recruited to play a commercial action game comprised of puzzle-solving tasks and first-person shooting and combat. After gameplay, ratings were given across multiple dimensions, including (1) the perception of time flowing differently than usual and (2) the gamers losing sense of time. Several features were extracted from the biosignals, ranked based on a two-step feature selection procedure, and then mapped to a predicted time perception rating using a Gaussian process regressor. Top features were found to come from the four signal modalities and the two regressors, one for each time perception scale, were shown to achieve results significantly better than chance. An in-depth analysis of the top features is presented with the hope that the insights can be used to inform the design of more engaging and immersive VR experiences.

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Section: Time Perception Research: Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying time perception during virtual reality gameplay using a multimodal biosensor-instrumented headset: a feasibility study

Moinnereau

Oliveira²,

Falk

2023

Front. Neuroergonomics

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Anaesthetics and time perception: A review

Wehrman

Chung

Sanders

2023

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Consciousness requires subjective experience in the ‘now.’ Establishing ‘now’ however necessitates temporal processing. In the current article, we review one method of altering consciousness, anaesthetic drug administration, and its effects on perceived duration. We searched PubMed, PsycInfo and ScienceDirect databases, and article reference sections, for combinations of anaesthetic drugs and time perception tasks, finding a total of 36 articles which met our inclusion criteria. We categorised these articles with regards to whether they altered the felt passage of time, short or long interval timing, or were motor timing tasks. We found that various drugs alter the perceived passage of time; ketamine makes time subjectively slow down while GABA-ergic drugs make time subjectively speed up. At short interval there is little established evidence of a shift in time perception, though temporal estimates appear more variable. Similarly, when asked to use time to optimize responses (i.e. in motor timing tasks), various anaesthetic agents make timing more variable. Longer durations are estimated as lasting longer than their objective duration, though there is some variation across articles in this regard. We conclude by proposing further experiments to examine time perception under altered states of consciousness and ask whether it is possible to perceive the passage of time of events which do not necessarily reach the level of conscious perception. The variety of methods used raises the need for more systematic investigations of time perception under anaesthesia. We encourage future investigations into the overlap of consciousness and time perception to advance both fields.

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Bromazepam increases the error of the time interval judgments and modulates the EEG alpha asymmetry during time estimation

Cited by 2 publications

References 78 publications

Quantifying time perception during virtual reality gameplay using a multimodal biosensor-instrumented headset: a feasibility study

Quantifying time perception during virtual reality gameplay using a multimodal biosensor-instrumented headset: a feasibility study

Anaesthetics and time perception: A review

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