Brønsted acidic ionic liquids: Innovative starch desizing agents

Kinetic study on the reaction of lauric acid with ethanol catalyzed by deep eutectic solvent based on cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide

“…To alleviate these disadvantages, many scientists have proposed different kinds of ecofriendly and efficient catalysts (zeolites, ion exchange resins, solid acids, ionic liquids, and deep eutectic solvents (DESs)) . In the past decades, DESs have received a lot of attention both in academic fields and industrial applications due to the merits of nonflammability, easy separation, excellent solubility, and reusability .…”

Kinetics of the reaction of ethanol and lauric acid catalyzed by deep eutectic solvent based on benzyltrimethylammonium chloride

“…However, these heterogeneous catalysts still come up against a series of limitations such as high production cost, poor thermal stability, and low surface area, which may restrict their industrial application. During past decades, as relatively clean catalysts and excellent solvents, many ionic liquids (ILs) have been employed to replace solid heterogeneous catalysts for esterification due to their properties, such as strong acidity, low vapour pressure, high thermal stability, and reusability . In particular, many ILs with −SO 3 H functional group exhibit adequate catalyst performance and have been used extensively for esterification .…”