Brote de hepatitis A en Galicia durante 2016-2018

Gaiche, Nuria Suárez; Purriños-Hermida, María Jesús; Ortega, Ánxela Pousa

doi:10.4321/s1135-57272020000100017

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…The high proportion of non-immunized individuals, along with high-risk sexual behaviours involving highly interconnected groups, were the main triggers for the European outbreak [ 11 ], which was initiated following the EuroPride festival celebrated in Amsterdam [ 26 ]. The decline in the cumulative incidence throughout 2017 and 2018 occurred due to several reasons: a decrease in the proportion of susceptible individuals in groups at higher risk of infection; a strengthening in the promotion of vaccination among MSM, along with a prioritization of vaccination in this specific group (especially important in the context of the vaccine shortage in 2017); and numerous health education campaigns launched through websites and apps [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Characteristics and Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Hepatitis A in Spain in the Context of the 2016/2017 European Outbreak

Guerrero-Vadillo

Peñuelas

Domı́nguez

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The aim of our study was to describe the results of the epidemiological surveillance of hepatitis A infections in Spain in the context of the 2016/2017 European outbreak, particularly of hepatitis A outbreaks reported in the MSM population, incorporating the results of a spatio-temporal analysis of cases. Hepatitis A cases and outbreaks reported in 2016–2017 to the National Epidemiological Surveillance Network were reviewed: outbreaks in which some of the cases belonged to the MSM group were described, and clusters of hepatitis A cases in men and women were analysed using a space–time scan statistic. Twenty-six outbreaks were identified, with a median size of two cases per outbreak, with most of the outbreak-related cases belonging to the 15–44 years-old group. Nearly 85% occurred in a household setting, and in all outbreaks, the mode of transmission was direct person-to-person contact. Regarding space–time analysis, twenty statistically significant clusters were identified in the male population and eight in the female population; clusters in men presented a higher number of observed cases and affected municipalities, as well as a higher percentage of municipalities classified as large urban areas. The elevated number of cases detected in clusters of men indicates that the number of MSM-related outbreaks may be higher than reported, showing that spatio-temporal analysis is a complementary, useful tool which may improve the detection of outbreaks in settings where epidemiological investigation may be more challenging.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Characteristics and Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Hepatitis A in Spain in the Context of the 2016/2017 European Outbreak

Guerrero-Vadillo

Peñuelas

Domı́nguez

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Hepatitis A occurrence and outbreaks in Europe over the past two decades: A systematic review

Andani

Bunge²,

Kassianos

et al. 2023

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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Hepatitis A (HA) is a vaccine‐preventable liver disease with >170 million new cases occurring yearly. In recent outbreaks in the USA, hospitalization and case‐fatality ratios were >60% and ~1%, respectively. In Europe, endemicity persists and outbreaks continue to occur. We performed a systematic literature review to understand the changes in HA occurrence in Europe over the past two decades. PubMed and Embase were systematically searched for peer‐reviewed articles published between 1 January 2001 and 14 April 2021 using terms covering HA, 11 selected European countries, outbreaks, outcomes and HA virus circulation. Here, we focus on HA occurrence and outbreaks in the five countries with the largest population and the most comprehensive vaccination recommendations: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK; 118 reports included data for these five European countries. Notification rates (≤9.7/100,000 population) and percentages of men among cases (≤83.0%) peaked in 2017. The number of person‐to‐person‐transmitted cases and outbreaks decreased in children but increased in other risk groups, such as men who have sex with men (MSM). Sexually transmitted outbreaks in MSM clustered around 2017. Travel‐related outbreaks were few; the proportion of travel‐related cases decreased during the past two decades, while the number of domestic cases increased. Despite the existing risk‐based vaccination recommendations, HA transmission shifted in proportions from travelers and children to other risk groups, such as MSM and older age groups. Because a substantial proportion of the European population is susceptible to HA, adherence to existing recommendations should be monitored more closely, and enhanced vaccination strategies should be considered.

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Evolution and Impact of Hepatitis A Epidemiology in Europe—Systematic Literature Review of the Last 20 Years

Andani,

Mellou,

Dewda

et al. 2024

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

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While globally hepatitis A (hepA) infections occur in 150 million people annually, European high‐income countries now have a low endemicity. However, this results in a more susceptible adult population which is prone to severe illness. To determine current epidemiological characteristics, we performed a systematic literature review to assess the severity of hepA disease in the past two decades in 11 European countries (i.e., Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom). Literature search was performed using PubMed and Embase between 1 January 2001 and 14 April 2021. Search terms included the disease (hepA), the 11 selected countries, the term ‘outbreaks’ and its synonyms, outcomes and terms for hepA virus circulation. In total, 43 records reported data on hepA disease outcomes. Hospitalisation rates varied between the countries, with annual rates exceeding 50% at least once in seven countries. The lowest hospitalisation rates were reported for the Netherlands (≤ 32%) and the highest for Greece (≥ 81%). Liver failure, haemorrhagic and other complications were rarely reported, and case fatality rates were low (0.03%–0.26%). Our findings are consistent with the trends observed globally. This systematic literature review highlights the need to increase awareness of hepA risks and to strengthen prevention strategies. Continuous monitoring of epidemiological data is crucial to assess which populations would most benefit from prevention, mainly with respect to future vaccination recommendations.

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Brote de hepatitis A en Galicia durante 2016-2018

Abstract: Conclusiones: La incidencia de HA aumenta en Galicia en el período 2016-2018 por un brote en HSH. La susceptibilidad se incrementa entre jóvenes, lo que hace necesario insistir en la vacunación de los grupos de riesgo.

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Epidemiological Characteristics and Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Hepatitis A in Spain in the Context of the 2016/2017 European Outbreak

Epidemiological Characteristics and Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Hepatitis A in Spain in the Context of the 2016/2017 European Outbreak

Hepatitis A occurrence and outbreaks in Europe over the past two decades: A systematic review

Evolution and Impact of Hepatitis A Epidemiology in Europe—Systematic Literature Review of the Last 20 Years

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