Brucellosis in Iranian buffalo: prevalence and diagnostic methods

Abstract

The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Iran represent an important source of meat and milk products with high biological value. Given the importance of water buffalo in Iran and the prevalence of brucellosis as one of the most important zoonotic diseases in this ruminant species, this study summarized available data on history, epidemiology, diagnosis, and control of brucellosis in water buffalo from previous studies that have been carried out in Iran. According to the documented data, there are three main groups of Iranian buffalo, including the Khuzestan ecotype (Khuzestan province); the Azary ecotype (Western/ Eastern Azarbaijan and Ardabil provinces); and the North ecotype (Gylan and Mazandaran provinces). Preliminary studies conducted on Iranian buffaloes either by serological or molecular tools reported that buffaloes' infection occurred due to natural exposure to a wild strain of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis. Previous studies dealing with brucellosis in Iranian buffalo are next to none. This review notifies the importance of reliable and detailed epidemiological investigations of Iranian buffaloes through continuous monitoring systems of the health status of buffalo populations. Continuous test and slaughter strategy, vaccination, and re-planning of veterinary activities are required to mitigate buffalo's role in disseminating and maintaining brucellosis in Iran.

Whole-genome sequencing for genetic diversity analysis of Iranian Brucella spp. isolated from humans and livestock

“…In Iran, brucellosis is an endemic disease in animals and humans causing huge economic losses and critically impacting human health [ 13 , 14 ]. B. abortus biovar (bv) 3 in cattle and B. melitensis bv 1 in small ruminants and humans were the most prevalent agents causing brucellosis followed by B. abortus bv 1 and B. melitensis bv 3 [ [14] , [15] , [16] ].…”

Determination of Virulence-Associated Genes and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles in Brucella Isolates Recovered from Humans and Animals in Iran Using NGS Technology

“…often occur; thus, a specialized BSL3 laboratory needs to be established [ 16 ]. In Iran, several studies on brucellosis showed that B. abortus and B. melitensis were the most isolated Brucella species in livestock and humans [ 17 , 18 ]. Most human brucellosis cases have been caused by B. melitensis , and a few by B. abortus [ 19 ].…”

Impact of grape ( Vitis vinifera ) seed extract on egg production traits, nutrients digestability, lipid peroxidation and fertility of golden laying hens ( Gallus gallus ) during early stage of production

“…These compounds are rich in bioactive phytochemicals that possess various properties such as anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities, which have been shown to potentially benefit the reproductive functions (Dadar et al. 2021 ; Marruchella et al. 2021 ; Hasan et al.…”