Bud set in poplar – genetic dissection of a complex trait in natural and hybrid populations

Rohde, Antje; Storme, Véronique; Jorge, Véronique; Gaudet, Muriel; Vitacolonna, Nicola; Fabbrini, Francesco; Ruttink, Tom; Zaina, Giusi; Marron, Nicolas; Dillen, Sophie Y.; Steenackers, Marijke; Sabatti, Maurizio; Morgante, Michèle; Boerjan, Wout; Bastien, Catherine

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03469.x

Cited by 125 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In one case, selection was even detected at the same SNP as in Norway spruce. Hence, the present study lends further support to the involvement of genes from the photoperiodic pathway and the circadian clock in local adaptation of forest trees (Holliday et al 2010;Hall et al 2011;Rohde et al 2011;Keller et al 2012;Chen et al 2012a). As in Chen et al (2012a,b), three genes seem particularly interesting: PoFTL2, PoPRR3, and PoGI.…”

Section: Targets Of Selection: the Key Role Of Ft And Gi In Plantssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Gigantea seems to be highly pleiotropic and associated with fitnessrelated traits in both Arabidopsis thaliana (Brock et al 2007) and forest trees (Rohde et al 2011;Keller et al 2012). In spruce species, which generally have a high level of shared polymorphisms but a low number of fixed sites, GI displays almost the opposite pattern (Chen et al 2010).…”

Section: Targets Of Selection: the Key Role Of Ft And Gi In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gigantea harbors nonsynonymous variants showing clinal variation correlating with growth cessation. Gigantea is further of focal interest as there is mounting evidence of its involvement with phenology in a broad range of tree species (poplars, Rohde et al 2011, Keller et al 2012 oaks, Alberto et al 2013; and spruces, Holliday et al 2010, Chen et al 2012a).In this study we analyzed the relationship between latitude and variation at PaFTL2, PaGI, and other candidate genes for growth cessation in Siberian spruce. One major difficulty when studying clines from Scandinavia is the complex genetic structure of species found in this region.…”

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Clinal Variation at Phenology-Related Genes in Spruce: Parallel Evolution in FTL2 and Gigantea?

et al. 2014

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Parallel clines in different species, or in different geographical regions of the same species, are an important source of information on the genetic basis of local adaptation. We recently detected latitudinal clines in SNPs frequencies and gene expression of candidate genes for growth cessation in Scandinavian populations of Norway spruce (Picea abies). Here we test whether the same clines are also present in Siberian spruce (P. obovata), a close relative of Norway spruce with a different Quaternary history. We sequenced nine candidate genes and 27 control loci and genotyped 14 SSR loci in six populations of P. obovata located along the Yenisei river from latitude 56°N to latitude 67°N. In contrast to Scandinavian Norway spruce that both departs from the standard neutral model (SNM) and shows a clear population structure, Siberian spruce populations along the Yenisei do not depart from the SNM and are genetically unstructured. Nonetheless, as in Norway spruce, growth cessation is significantly clinal. Polymorphisms in photoperiodic (FTL2) and circadian clock (Gigantea, GI, PRR3) genes also show significant clinal variation and/or evidence of local selection. In GI, one of the variants is the same as in Norway spruce. Finally, a strong cline in gene expression is observed for FTL2, but not for GI. These results, together with recent physiological studies, confirm the key role played by FTL2 and circadian clock genes in the control of growth cessation in spruce species and suggest the presence of parallel adaptation in these two species.I DENTIFYING the loci underlying the variation in quantitative traits and detecting the selection acting on them remains, to this day, one of the main challenges in biology (Rockman 2012;Marjoram et al. 2013). In his Nobel lecture Sidney Brenner (Brenner 2003) predicted that genome-wide association studies (GWAS) would become the main approach to identifying the genetic factors controlling complex traits. The past decade has amply vindicated Brenner's prediction: GWAS have blossomed and identified a large number of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associated to various quantitative traits (Visscher et al. 2012). Limitations of GWAS have, however, started to become evident and different strategies have been offered to alleviate those (Rockman 2012;Marjoram et al. 2013;Vilhjalmsson and Nordborg 2013). In particular, GWAS have limited power unless very large data sets are used. They therefore remain prohibitively expensive, and often not so informative, for nonmodel organisms with limited or nascent genome resources such as conifers. In such organisms a more targeted strategy, combining population genetics, physiology, and expression studies of candidate genes remains a very fruitful approach, at least in the short term. We recently adopted such a strategy in an attempt to unravel the genetic basis of growth cessation, a trait of adaptive value with a strong and well-documented clinal variation, in Norway spruce (Picea abies) (Chen et al. 2012a and references therein). T...

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Section: Targets Of Selection: the Key Role Of Ft And Gi In Plantssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Targets Of Selection: the Key Role Of Ft And Gi In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Clinal Variation at Phenology-Related Genes in Spruce: Parallel Evolution in FTL2 and Gigantea?

et al. 2014

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“…The timings of bud burst and bud set are adapted to the local climate (Hamann 2004, Vitasse et al 2014; they are crucial for tree growth (Seiwa 1998), survival (Junttila & Hanninen 2012, Partanen et al 1998, Pauley & Perry 1954, and reproduction (Brearley et al 2007, Koenig et al 2012. Within the Populus genus there is a large genotypic variation in, and a strong genetic control of the timing of bud burst (Frewen et al 2000, Pellis et al 2004a) and of bud set (Rohde et al 2011a, Rohde et al 2011b. In (intensively) managed forest ecosystems (e.g., shortrotation coppices -SRCs) additional management factors also alter the pattern of annual phenological events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of four approaches to assess phenology of Populus in a short-rotation coppice culture

Vanbeveren¹,

Bloemen²,

Balzarolo³

et al. 2016

iForest

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We compared four approaches to assess phenology in a short-rotation coppice culture with 12 poplar (Populus) genotypes. The four approaches quantified phenology at different spatial scales and with different temporal resolutions: (i) visual observations of bud phenology; (ii) measurements of leaf area index; (iii) webcam images; and (iv) satellite images. For validation purposes we applied the four approaches during two years: the year preceding a coppice event and the year following the coppice event. The delayed spring greenup and the faster canopy development in the year after coppicing (as compared to the year before coppicing) were similarly quantified by the four approaches. The four approaches detected very similar seasonal changes in phenology, although they had different spatial scales and a different temporal resolution. The onset of autumn senescence after coppicing remained the same as in the year before coppicing according to the bud set observations, but it started earlier according to the webcam images, and later according to the MODIS images. In comparison to the year before coppicing, the growing season -in terms of leaf area duration -was shorter in the year after coppicing, while the leaf area index was higher.

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Assisted migration across fixed seed zones detects adaptation lags in two major North American tree species

Etterson

Cornett

White

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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Boreal forests are experiencing dramatic climate change, having warmed 1.0°–1.9°C over the last century. Yet forest regeneration practices are often still dictated by a fixed seed zone framework, in which seeds are both harvested from and planted into predefined areas. Our goal was to determine whether seedlings sourced from southern seed zones in Minnesota USA are already better adapted to northerly seed zones because of climate change. Bur oak ( Quercus macrocarpa ) and northern red oak ( Quercus rubra ) seedlings from two seed zones (i.e., tree ecotypes) were planted into 16 sites in two northern seed zones and measured for 3 yr. Our hypotheses were threefold: (1) tree species with more southern geographic distributions would thrive in northern forests where climate has already warmed substantially, (2) southern ecotypes of these species would have higher survival and growth than the northern ecotype in northern environments, and (3) natural selection would favor seedlings that expressed phenotypic and phenological traits characteristic of trees sourced from the more southern seed zone. For both species, survival was high (>93%), and southern ecotypes expressed traits consistent with our climate adaptation hypotheses. Ecotypic differences were especially evident for red oak; the southern ecotype had had higher survival, lower specific leaf area ( SLA ), faster height and diameter growth, and extended leaf phenology relative to the northern ecotype. Bur oak results were weaker, but the southern ecotype also had earlier budburst and lower SLA than the northern ecotype. Models based on the fixed seed zones failed to explain seedling performance as well as those with continuous predictors (e.g., climate and geographical position), suggesting that plant adaptations within current seed zone delineations do align with changing climate conditions. Adding support for this conclusion, natural selection favored traits expressed by the more southern tree ecotypes. Collectively, these results suggest that state seed sourcing guidelines should be reexamined to permit plantings across seed zones, a form of assisted migration. More extensive experiments (i.e., provenance trails) are necessary to make species‐specific seed transfer guidelines that account for climate trends while also considering the precise geographic origin of seed sources.

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Bud set in poplar – genetic dissection of a complex trait in natural and hybrid populations

Cited by 125 publications

References 38 publications

Clinal Variation at Phenology-Related Genes in Spruce: Parallel Evolution in FTL2 and Gigantea?

Clinal Variation at Phenology-Related Genes in Spruce: Parallel Evolution in FTL2 and Gigantea?

A comparative study of four approaches to assess phenology of Populus in a short-rotation coppice culture

Assisted migration across fixed seed zones detects adaptation lags in two major North American tree species

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