Builders and Users of Ritual Centres, Yampil Barrow Complex: Studies of Diet Based on Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Composition

Goslar, Tomasz; Jankowski, Michał; Kośko, Aleksander; Lityńska−Zając, Maria; Włodarczak, Piotr; Żurkiewicz, Danuta

doi:10.1515/bps-2017-0023

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Early and Middle Bronze Age archaeobotanical assemblages from the wider region include rare finds of millet 88 , but these have not been dated. In contrast, the assemblages from the second half of the 2nd millennium bc, particularly the tail-end of the Late, and the Final Bronze Age (last quarter of the 2nd millennium bc 85 ), frequently contain remains of broomcorn millet 32,39,88,89 [74,75]. Sometimes these are concentrated grains, such as in one of the ceramic vessels hoarded in a pit at the Tumulus culture site of Lozorno, north of Bratislava in Slovakia 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elevated δ 13 C values in human and animal bone collagen were explained by the seasonal consumption of C 4 plants naturally growing in the area, 70 – 73 . In the Yampil region on the Middle Dniester river (in the steppe zone), several individuals from the Early–Middle Bronze Age graves (late 3rd-first quarter of the 2nd millennium bc ) had collagen δ 13 C values of c. − 19.5‰ and were interpreted as possible millet consumers 74 . However, δ 13 C values more negative than − 18‰ do not indicate inclusion of C 4 plants in the diet 46 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New AMS 14C dates track the arrival and spread of broomcorn millet cultivation and agricultural change in prehistoric Europe

Filipović

Meadows

Corso

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

113

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Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is not one of the founder crops domesticated in Southwest Asia in the early Holocene, but was domesticated in northeast China by 6000 bc. in europe, millet was reported in Early Neolithic contexts formed by 6000 bc, but recent radiocarbon dating of a dozen 'early' grains cast doubt on these claims. Archaeobotanical evidence reveals that millet was common in Europe from the 2nd millennium bc, when major societal and economic transformations took place in the Bronze Age. We conducted an extensive programme of AMS-dating of charred broomcorn millet grains from 75 prehistoric sites in Europe. Our Bayesian model reveals that millet cultivation began in europe at the earliest during the sixteenth century bc, and spread rapidly during the fifteenth/ fourteenth centuries bc. Broomcorn millet succeeds in exceptionally wide range of growing conditions and completes its lifecycle in less than three summer months. Offering an additional harvest and thus surplus food/fodder, it likely was a transformative innovation in European prehistoric agriculture previously based mainly on (winter) cropping of wheat and barley. We provide a new, high-resolution chronological framework for this key agricultural development that likely contributed to far-reaching changes in lifestyle in late 2nd millennium bc europe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New AMS 14C dates track the arrival and spread of broomcorn millet cultivation and agricultural change in prehistoric Europe

Filipović

Meadows

Corso

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Isotopic analyses. All carbon (δ 13 C coll ) and nitrogen (δ 15 N coll ) stable isotope analyses were performed at the Isotope Dating and Environment Research Laboratory at the Institute of Geological Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw 43 . Collagen was earlier extracted for AMS 14 C dating in the Poznań Radiocarbon Laboratory.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corded Ware cultural complexity uncovered using genomic and isotopic analysis from south-eastern Poland

Linderholm

Kılınç

Szczepanek

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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During the Final Eneolithic the Corded Ware Complex (CWC) emerges, chiefly identified by its specific burial rites. This complex spanned most of central Europe and exhibits demographic and cultural associations to the Yamnaya culture. To study the genetic structure and kin relations in CWC communities, we sequenced the genomes of 19 individuals located in the heartland of the CWC complex region, southeastern Poland. Whole genome sequence and strontium isotope data allowed us to investigate genetic ancestry, admixture, kinship and mobility. The analysis showed a unique pattern, not detected in other parts of poland; maternally the individuals are linked to earlier neolithic lineages, whereas on the paternal side a Steppe ancestry is clearly visible. We identified three cases of kinship. Of these two were between individuals buried in double graves. Interestingly, we identified kinship between a local and a non-local individual thus discovering a novel, previously unknown burial custom.

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“…These higher values are then reflected in the measured δ 15 N values of all organisms who consume them, including humans with aquatic-rich diets. Comparative studies of individuals from different parts of Europe (Goslar et al 2017) have shown that the δ 15 N values of human bone collagen of individuals relying solely on terrestrial food sources were also subject to variation. In Giecz, ca.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Absolute Chronology of Collective Burials From the 2nd Millennium Bc in East Central Europe

et al. 2021

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This article discusses the absolute chronology of collective burials of the Trzciniec Cultural Circle communities of the Middle Bronze Age in East Central Europe. Based on Bayesian modeling of 91 accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dates from 18 cemeteries, the practice of collective burying of individuals was linked to a period of 400–640 (95.4%) years, between 1830–1690 (95.4%) and 1320–1160 (95.4%) BC. Collective burials in mounds with both cremation and inhumation rites were found earliest in the upland zone regardless of grave structure type (mounded or flat). Bayesian modeling of 14C determinations suggests that this practice was being transmitted generally from the southeast to the northwest direction. Bayesian modeling of the dates from the largest cemetery in Żerniki Górne, Lesser Poland Upland, confirmed the duration of use of the necropolis as ca. 140–310 (95.4%) years. Further results show the partial contemporaneity of burials and allow formulation of a spatial and temporal development model of the necropolis. Based on the investigation, some graves were used over just a couple of years and others over nearly 200, with up to 30 individuals found in a single grave.

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Builders and Users of Ritual Centres, Yampil Barrow Complex: Studies of Diet Based on Stable Carbon and Nitrogen Isotope Composition

Cited by 14 publications

References 47 publications

New AMS 14C dates track the arrival and spread of broomcorn millet cultivation and agricultural change in prehistoric Europe

New AMS 14C dates track the arrival and spread of broomcorn millet cultivation and agricultural change in prehistoric Europe

Corded Ware cultural complexity uncovered using genomic and isotopic analysis from south-eastern Poland

The Absolute Chronology of Collective Burials From the 2nd Millennium Bc in East Central Europe

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