“…The number of lung transplants has since steadily increased in most Western countries with about 4,500 lung transplants reported to the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISLHT) in 2017 (Figure 1) (2). At the same time, many centers around the world are building lung transplant programs to meet the needs of their patients (3,4). In this issue of Annals of Translational Medicine, Dr. Wu and colleagues from different lung transplant centers in China, provide a comprehensive review of lung transplantation in the country over the past 40 years (5).…”