Building Programs to Eradicate Toxoplasmosis Part III: Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Felín, Mariangela Soberón; Wang, Kanix; Raggi, Catalina; Moreira, Aliya; Pandey, Abhinav; Grose, Andrew; Caballero, Zuleima; Rengifo-Herrera, Claudia; Ramirez, Margarita; Moossazadeh, Davina; Castro, Catherine; Montalvo, José Luis Sanchez; Leahy, Karen; Zhou, Ying; Clouser, Fatima; Siddiqui, Maryam; Leong, Nicole; Goodall, Perpetua; Michalowski, Morgan; Ismail, Mahmoud; Christmas, Monica; Schrantz, Stephen; Norero, Ximena; Estripeaut, Dora; Ellis, David; Ashi, Kevin; Dovgin, Samantha; Dixon, Ashtyn; Li, Xuan; Begeman, Ian J.; Heichman, Sharon; Lykins, Joseph; Villalobos-Cerrud, Delba; Fábrega, Lorena; Mendivil, Connie; Quijada, Mario; Fernández-Pirla, Silvia; Guardia, Valli de La; Wong, Digna; LadrónGuevara, Mayrene de; Flores, Carlos; Borace, Jovanna; García, Anabel; Caballero, Natividad; Saez, Maria Theresa Moreno de; Politis, Michael; Ross, Stephanie; Dogra, Mimansa; Dhamsania, Vishan; Graves, Nicholas; Kirchberg, Marci; Mathur, Kopal; Aue, Ashley; Restrepo, Carlos M.; Llanes, Alejandro; Guzmán, German; Rebollon, Arturo; Boyer, Kenneth M.; Heydemann, Peter; Noble, A. Gwendolyn; Swisher, Charles N.; Rabiah, Peter; Withers, Shawn; Hull, Teri; Su, Chunlei; Blair, Michael P.; Latkany, Paul; Mui, Ernest; Vasconcelos-Santos, Daniel Vítor; Villareal, Alcibiades; Perez, Ambar; Galvis, Carlos Andrés Naranjo; Montes, Mónica Vargas; Cardona, Néstor; Ramirez, Morgan; Chittenden, Cy; Wang, Edward; Garcia-López, Laura Lorena; Muñoz-Ortíz, Juliana; Rivera-Valdivia, Nicolás; Bohorquez-Granados, María Cristina; de-la-Torre, Gabriela Castaño; Padrieu, Guillermo; Hernandez, Juan David Valencia; Celis-Giraldo, Daniel; Dávila, John Alejandro Acosta; Torres, Elizabeth Aparecida Ferraz da Silva; Oquendo, Manuela Mejia; Arteaga-Rivera, José Y.; Nicolae, Dan L.; Rzhetsky, Andrey; Roizen, Nancy; Stillwaggon, Eileen; Sawers, Larry; Peyron, François; Wallon, Martine; Chapey, Emanuelle; Levigne, Pauline; Charter, Carmen; Frias, Migdalia De; Montoya, José G.; Press, Cindy; Ramirez, Raymund; Contopoulos‐Ioannidis, Despina G.; Maldonado, Yvonne; Liesenfeld, Oliver; Gómez, Carlos A.; Wheeler, Kelsey; Holfels, Ellen; Frim, David M.; McLone, David G.; Penn, Richard D.; Cohen, William I.; Zehar, Samantha; McAuley, James B.; Limonne, Denis; Houzé, Sandrine; Abraham, Sylvie; Piarroux, Raphaël; Tešić, Vera; Beavis, Kathleen G.; Abeleda, Ana; Sautter, Mari; Mansouri, Bouchra El; Bachir, Adlaoui El; Amarir, Fatima; Bissati, Kamal El; de-la-Torre, Alejandra; Britton, Gabrielle B.; Motta, Jorge; Ortega-Barrı́a, Eduardo; Romero, Isabel Luz; Meier, Paul; Grigg, Michael E.; Gómez‐Marín, Jorge Enrique; Kosagisharaf, Jagannatha Rao; Llorens, Xavier Sáez; Reyes, Osvaldo; McLeod, Rima

doi:10.1007/s40124-022-00265-0

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

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Novel paradigm enables accurate monthly gestational screening to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis and more

Zhao

Leahy

Grose

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background : Congenital toxoplasmosis is a treatable, preventable disease, but untreated causes death, prematurity, loss of sight, cognition and motor function, and substantial costs worldwide. Methods/ Findings . In our ongoing USA feasibility/efficacy clinical trial, data collated with other ongoing and earlier published results proved high performance of an Immunochromatographic-test(ICT) that enables accurate, rapid diagnosis/treatment, establishing new paradigms for care. Overall results from patient blood and/or serum samples tested with ICT compared with gold-standard-predicate-test results found ICT performance for 4606 sera/1876 blood, 99.3%/97.5% sensitive and 98.9%/99.7% specific. However, in the clinical trial the FDA-cleared-predicate test initially caused practical, costly problems due to false-positive-IgM results. For 58 persons, 3/43 seronegative and 2/15 chronically infected persons had false positive IgM predicate tests. This caused substantial anxiety, concerns, and required costly, delayed confirmation in reference centers. Absence of false positive ICT results contributes to solutions: Lyon and Paris France and USA Reference laboratories frequently receive sera with erroneously positive local laboratory IgM results impeding patient care. Therefore, thirty-two such sera referred to Lyon’s Reference laboratory were ICT-tested. We collated these with other earlier/ongoing results: 132 of 137 USA or French persons had false positive local laboratory IgM results identified correctly as negative by ICT. Five false positive ICT results in Tunisia and Marseille, France, emphasize need to confirm positive ICT results with Sabin-Feldman-Dye-test or western blot. Separate studies demonstrated high performance in detecting acute infections, meeting FDA, CLIA, WHO ASSURED, CEMark criteria and patient and physician satisfaction with monthly-gestational-ICT-screening. Conclusions/Significance . This novel paradigm using ICT identifies likely false positives or raises suspicion that a result is truly positive, rapidly needing prompt follow up and treatment. Thus, ICT enables well-accepted gestational screening programs that facilitate rapid treatment saving lives, sight, cognition and motor function. This reduces anxiety, delays, work, and cost at point-of-care and clinical laboratories.

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Novel paradigm enables accurate monthly gestational screening to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis and more

Zhao

Leahy

Grose

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Novel paradigm enables accurate monthly gestational screening to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis and more

Zhou,

Leahy,

Grose

et al. 2024

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Congenital toxoplasmosis is a treatable, preventable disease, but untreated causes death, prematurity, loss of sight, cognition and motor function, and substantial costs worldwide. Objectives We asked whether high performance of an Immunochromatographic-test (ICT) could enable accurate, rapid diagnosis/treatment, establishing new, improved care-paradigms at point-of-care and clinical laboratory. Methods Data were obtained in 12 studies/analyses addressing: 1-feasibility/efficacy; 2-false-positives; 3-acceptability; 4-pink/black-line/all studies; 5-time/cost; 6-Quick-Information/Limit-of-detection; 7, 8-acute;-chronic; 9-epidemiology; 10-ADBio; 11,12-Commentary/Cases/Chronology. Findings ICT was compared with gold-standard or predicate-tests. Overall, ICT performance for 1093 blood/4967 sera was 99.2%/97.5% sensitive and 99.0%/99.7% specific. However, in clinical trial, FDA-cleared-predicate tests initially caused practical, costly problems due to false-positive-IgM results. For 58 persons, 3/43 seronegative and 2/15 chronically infected persons had false positive IgM predicate tests. This caused substantial anxiety, concerns, and required costly, delayed confirmation in reference centers. Absence of false positive ICT results contributes to solutions: Lyon and Paris France and USA Reference laboratories frequently receive sera with erroneously positive local laboratory IgM results impeding patient care. Therefore, thirty-two such sera referred to Lyon’s Reference laboratory were ICT-tested. We collated these with other earlier/ongoing results: 132 of 137 USA or French persons had false-positive local laboratory IgM results identified correctly as negative by ICT. Five false positive ICT results in Tunisia and Marseille, France, emphasize need to confirm positive ICT results with Sabin-Feldman-Dye-test or western blot. Separate studies demonstrated high performance in detecting acute infections, meeting FDA, CLIA, WHO REASSURED, CEMark criteria and patient and physician satisfaction with monthly-gestational-ICT-screening. Conclusions/significance This novel paradigm using ICT identifies likely false positives or raises suspicion that a result is truly positive, rapidly needing prompt follow up and treatment. Thus, ICT enables well-accepted gestational screening programs that facilitate rapid treatment saving lives, sight, cognition and motor function. This reduces anxiety, delays, work, and cost at point-of-care and clinical laboratories. Trial registration NCT04474132, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04474132 ClinicalTrials.gov

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Severe neurological and ocular manifestations in paediatric patients with toxoplasmosis. Case-series study with review of the current literature

Mikołajczyk,

Ordon,

Kuc

et al. 2024

Pediatr Med Rodz

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Toxoplasmosis, both congenital and postnatally acquired, is a parasitic disease caused by infection with the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. The most serious manifestation of this disease is congenital toxoplasmosis, resulting from transplacental infection of the foetus during pregnancy. Retinochoroiditis, intracranial calcifications, and hydrocephalus are considered the classic triad of congenital toxoplasmosis. This article describes four cases of severe neurologic and ocular manifestations in paediatric patients diagnosed with toxoplasmosis. The main aim was to examine the nature of clinical presentation as well as to emphasise the necessity of properly administered antiparasitic therapy and underline the importance of prenatal screening to reduce the risk of congenital transmission to the foetus.

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Building Programs to Eradicate Toxoplasmosis Part III: Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Novel paradigm enables accurate monthly gestational screening to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis and more

Novel paradigm enables accurate monthly gestational screening to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis and more

Novel paradigm enables accurate monthly gestational screening to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis and more

Severe neurological and ocular manifestations in paediatric patients with toxoplasmosis. Case-series study with review of the current literature

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