Bulk metallic glasses for biomedical applications

Schroers, Jan; Kumar, Golden; Hodges, Thomas M.; Chan, S.C.W.; Kyriakides, Themis R.

doi:10.1007/s11837-009-0128-1

Cited by 291 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In Ti-Nb systems such as Ti29Nb13Ta4.6Zr (Kuroda, 1998) and Ti35Nb4Sn (Matsumoto, 2005), the elastic moduli can be reduced to 50-60 GPa which are closer to that of cortical bone (10-30 GPa). Metallic glasses are novel class of metals which currently gets attention from biomaterialist (Schroers, 2009). As represented by some Ni-free Zr based bulk metallic glasses, they show interesting properties in term of higher tensile strength, lower elastic modulus and higher corrosion resistant compared to those of crystalline alloys (Chen, 2010).…”

Section: New Generation Of Metallic Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metals for Biomedical Applications

Hermawan¹,

Ramdan²,

Djuansjah³

2011

Biomedical Engineering - From Theory to Applications

176

125

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Biomedical Engineering -From Theory to Applications 412 visible under X-ray imaging. Most of artificial implants are subjected to loads, either static or repetitive, and this condition requires an excellent combination of strength and ductility. This is the superior characteristic of metals over polymers and ceramics. Specific requirements of metals depend on the specific implant applications. Stents and stent grafts are implanted to open stenotic blood vessels; therefore, it requires plasticity for expansion and rigidity to maintain dilatation. For orthopaedic implants, metals are required to have excellent toughness, elasticity, rigidity, strength and resistance to fracture. For total joint replacement, metals are needed to be wear resistance; therefore debris formation from friction can be avoided. Dental restoration requires strong and rigid metals and even the shape memory effect for better results. In overall, the use of biomaterials in clinical practice should be approved by an authoritative body such as the FDA (United States Food and Drug Administration). The proposed biomaterial will be either granted Premarket Approval (PMA) if substantially equivalent to o n e u s e d b e f o r e F D A l e g i s l a t i o n o f 1 9 7 6 , o r h a s t o g o t h r o u g h a s e r i e s o f g u i d e d biocompatibility assessment. Common metals used for biomedical devicesUp to now, the three most used metals for implants are stainless steel, CoCr alloys and Ti alloys. The first stainless steel used for implants contains ~18wt% Cr and ~8wt% Ni makes it stronger than the steel and more resistant to corrosion. Further addition of molybdenum (Mo) has improved its corrosion resistance, known as type 316 stainless steel. Afterwards, the carbon (C) content has been reduced from 0.08 to 0.03 wt% which improved its corrosion resistance to chloride solution, and named as 316L. Titanium is featured by its light weight. Its density is only 4.5g/cm 3 compared to 7.9g/cm 3 for 316 stainless steel and 8.3g/cm 3 for cast CoCrMo alloys (Brandes and Brook, 1992). Ti and its alloys, i.e. Ti6Al4V are known for their excellent tensile strength and pitting corrosion resistance. Titanium alloyed with Ni, i.e. Nitinol, forms alloys having shape memory effect which makes them suitable in various applications such as dental restoration wiring. In dentistry, precious metals and alloys often used are Au, Ag, Pt and their alloys. They possess good castability, ductility and resistance to corrosion. Included into dental alloys are AuAgCu system, AuAgCu with the addition of Zn and Sn known as dental solder, and AuPtPd system used for porcelain-fused-to-metal for teeth repairs. CoCr alloys have been utilised for many decades in making artificial joints. They are generally known for their excellent wear resistance. Especially the wrought CoNiCrMo alloy has been used for making heavily loaded joints such as ankle implants (Figure 1). Other metals used for implants include tantalum (Ta), amorphous alloys and biodegradable metals. Tantalum which has excell...

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Section: New Generation Of Metallic Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metals for Biomedical Applications

Hermawan¹,

Ramdan²,

Djuansjah³

2011

Biomedical Engineering - From Theory to Applications

176

125

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“…2 BMGs comprise transition metals that are often combined with metalloids, which are then combined in a multicomponent alloy. 3,4 The amorphous structure results in very high strength and elasticity, properties that are often paired with toughness, 5 flaw tolerance, 6 high corrosion resistance, [7][8][9][10] biocompatibility, [11][12][13] and favorable electrochemical behavior. 14 These properties have triggered wide commercial exploration of BMGs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criticality in Bulk Metallic Glass Constituent Elements

Mota

Graedel

Pekarskaya³

et al. 2017

JOM

Self Cite

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“…Bulk amorphous alloys (BAA), also referred to as bulk metallic glasses (BMGs), are emerging as potential materials for a range of applications in structural [1], biomedical [2], microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) [3], and sports equipment engineering [4] due to their excellent mechanical and electrochemical properties. Several compositions of BMGs based on Fe-, Zr-, Cu-, Mg-, Ti-, Ni-, and Pd-based alloy systems have been developed [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Spark Plasma Sintered Fe-Based Bulk Metallic Glass/Graphite Composites

Alavi

Harimkar

2016

Technologies

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Bulk metallic glass (BMG) and BMG-graphite composites were fabricated using spark plasma sintering at the sintering temperature of 575 • C and holding time of 15 min. The sintered composites exhibited partial crystallization and the presence of distributed porosity and graphite particles. The effect of graphite reinforcement on the tribological properties of the BMG/graphite composites was investigated using dry ball-on-disc sliding wear tests. The reinforcement of graphite resulted in a reduction in both the wear rate and the coefficient of friction as compared to monolithic BMG samples. The wear surfaces of BMG/graphite composites showed regions of localized wear loss due to microcracking and fracture, as was also the case with the regions covered with graphite-rich protective film due to smearing of pulled off graphite particles.

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Bulk metallic glasses for biomedical applications

Cited by 291 publications

References 65 publications

Metals for Biomedical Applications

Metals for Biomedical Applications

Criticality in Bulk Metallic Glass Constituent Elements

Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Spark Plasma Sintered Fe-Based Bulk Metallic Glass/Graphite Composites

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