Bulky organic cations engineered lead-halide perovskites: a review on dimensionality and optoelectronic applications

Strategies to Enhance Light Emission from Two-Dimensional Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes: Challenges and Future Opportunities

“…Among them ⟨100⟩-oriented 2D perovskites are most common and further classified into the Ruddlesden popper (RP) phase, Dion-Jacobson (DJ) phase, and alternating cations in the interlayer space (ACI) phases depending on the used organic spacer cation. 30 The RP and DJ phase perovskites are fabricated with a proper stoichiometric ratio of precursors in the general formulas A′ 2 A n−1 B n X 3n+1 and A′A n−1 B n X 3n+1 , respectively, where A′ represents the templating organic spacer cation, A is the smaller organic cation, B represents the divalent metal cation, X is the halide anion, and ⟨n⟩ represents the number of inorganic perovskite slabs {BX 6 } − and often denoted as the thickness or phase of 2D perovskites (Figure 1). 31,32 For ACI phase perovskites, the precursor stoichiometry varies according to the A′A n B n X 3n+1 general formula, where the A site "perovskitizer" cation (MA + , FA + , or Cs + ) does not only reside in the perovskite slab but also fills in the interlayer along with the designated spacing cation A′.…”

“…Conceptually, the corner-sharing octahedra-based two-dimensional (2D) perovskites can be obtained by the layer slicing of the parent 3D perovskites along the ⟨100⟩, ⟨110⟩, and ⟨111⟩ crystallographic planes. Among them ⟨100⟩-oriented 2D perovskites are most common and further classified into the Ruddlesden popper (RP) phase, Dion-Jacobson (DJ) phase, and alternating cations in the interlayer space (ACI) phases depending on the used organic spacer cation . The RP and DJ phase perovskites are fabricated with a proper stoichiometric ratio of precursors in the general formulas A′ 2 A n –1 B n X 3 n +1 and A′A n –1 B n X 3 n +1 , respectively, where A′ represents the templating organic spacer cation, A is the smaller organic cation, B represents the divalent metal cation, X is the halide anion, and ⟨ n ⟩ represents the number of inorganic perovskite slabs {BX 6 } − and often denoted as the thickness or phase of 2D perovskites (Figure ).…”

From Bulk to Surface Passivation: Double Role of Chlorine‐Doping for Boosting Efficiency of FAPbI3‐rich Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Many studies have focused on triple‐cation‐based perovskite layers passivated with LDPs formed, in most cases, using iodide or bromide precursors (such as phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI), phenethylammonium bromide (PEABr), thiophenemethylammonium iodide (TMAI), butylammonium iodide (BAI)). [ 15–17 ] In contrast, it has been demonstrated that adding MACl in formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI 3 ) is an effective strategy to improve the crystal quality of the perovskite and its structural stability. [ 18 ] As a result, such an approach hinders the crystallization of the yellow δ‐FAPbI 3 , with a boost in the device performance.…”

Theoretical investigation of FAPbSnGeX3 efficiency

“…4,5 Recently, organic-inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskite materials with the general formula ABX 3 (A ¼ MA, FA, EA; B¼ Pb, Sn, Ge, Be; X¼ I, Br, Cl) have demonstrated great potential in different applications, especially photovoltaics. [6][7][8][9] The high efficiency represented by these materials has reached a value of 25.6% in a few years. 10 This rise has come from the unique properties of hybrid lead halide perovskites, such as a high absorption coefficient in the visible range, tunable bandgap, low effective mass, high carrier mobility.…”