Bunch shaping experiments at the high brightness electron beam source laboratory (HBESL)

Investigations and Applications of Field- and Photo-emitted Electron Beams from a Radio Frequency Gun

“…It can be noted that ∆φ is independent of θ and depends only on L. The average ∆φ for the four θ values considered in Table. 7.2 is 8 0 which corresponds to a time separation between the twin bunches (or laser pulses) δt 17 ps. For an α-BBO crystal and λ = 263 nm, the delay is numerically estimated to be 0.864 ps/mm using Sellenmeir equation [94,95]; this translates to δt = 15.5 ps for L = 18 mm in our case, which is in good agreement with the experimental value obtained (17 ps).…”

“…The estimation of ∆φ for each case of θ in Fig. 7.13 was done using fitting equations [94]. A function f (Φ) was assigned from the fit to the Q − φ plot (see Fig.…”