Burden and Expressed Emotion in Caregivers of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective Disorder Patients: A Comparative Study

Parija, Seema; Yadav, Arun Kumar; Sreeraj, Vanteemar S.; Patel, Ashok Kumar; Yadav, Jyoti

doi:10.4103/mamcjms.mamcjms_74_17

Cited by 8 publications

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“…A similar kind of clinical profile was found in other Indian studies and the findings were in line with the present study. [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 28 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties of Psychosocial Inventory for Caregivers (PIC) scale

Singh¹,

Ali²

2023

Indian Journal of Psychiatry

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Background: There are various psychosocial challenges associated with caregiving in persons with mental illness. So, the present study attempts to develop a 62 itemed Psychosocial Inventory for Caregivers (PIC) scale in order to assess the different psychosocial problems in caregivers of persons with mental illness. Aim and Objective: The study aims to develop and test the PIC scale in a population with the objective to assess its reliability and validity. Methodology: The present study used a cross-sectional descriptive research design. Caregivers of persons with mental illness were the samples for the present study. Convenient sampling was used to collect 340 samples, based on the item-to-response ratio of 1:4. The study was conducted in the in-patient/out-patient department of LGBRIMH, Tezpur, Assam. Permission to conduct the study was taken from Institutes Ethics Committee (IEC). Proper written consent was taken from the participants after explaining to them the study. Result: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed in SPSS version 25.0. The internal consistency of the PIC scale was found to be 0.88. The convergent validity of the PIC scale was acceptable because the average variance extracted (AVE) was above 0.50. The square root of the average variance explained was greater than the inter-factor correlation of the PIC scale, hence, discriminant validity was established. Conclusion: With the development of a PIC scale, a comprehensive assessment can be done to know the various factors and consequences related to caregivers of a person with mental illness.

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“…A similar kind of clinical profile was found in other Indian studies and the findings were in line with the present study. [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 28 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometric properties of Psychosocial Inventory for Caregivers (PIC) scale

Singh¹,

Ali²

2023

Indian Journal of Psychiatry

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Expressed Emotion and Selected Patients’ Clinical Factors Among Caregivers of Schizophrenic Patients Visiting Jimma University Medical Center Psychiatry Out Patient Unit, South West Ethiopia

Ebrahim

Soboka

Getachew

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundExpressed emotion (EE) measures the emotion of the caregivers of persons with schizophrinia and is predictive of symptom levels in a range of medical and psychiatric conditions. It is worth to assess expressed emotion and associated factors among caregivers of patient with schizophrenia in Ethiopia since there is limited data on this issue in this part of the world.ObjectiveTo assess the status of expressed emotions and selecte patients’ clinical factors among care givers of patients with schizophrenia attending psychiatry oupatient unit of Jimma university medical center, South west, Ethiopia, 2019.MethodA cross-sectional study design employed involving 422 caregivers of schizophrenic patients using consecutive sampling technique. Data was collected using structured interviewer administrated questionnaires (Family Questioners) which assess the level of expressed emotion, entered into Epidata 4.4 and analyzed by Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 25. Descripitive statistics used to summerize data, bivariate logistic regression was done to identify candidate variables for multivariable logistic regressions and the association between expressed emotion and predictor variables was identified by using multiple logistic regression model.ResultsHigh expressed emotion was observed in 43.6% of respondents. Caring for schizophrenic patients for about 6-8 years, having 3-4 episodes of the illness was significantly associated with high expressed emotion.ConclusionsThis study revealed that there is high status of care givers expressed emotion compared to other studies. It also showed that number of episode of illnesses had significant association with high caregivers expressed emotion. Health care systems, which provide interventions for patients with schizophrenia, need to design proper strategy to address caregivers need as well.

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Expressed emotion of caregivers among schizophrenic patients visiting Jimma University Medical Center Psychiatry Outpatient Unit, Southwest Ethiopia

et al. 2022

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Background Expressed emotion (EE) measures the emotion among caregivers of schizophrenic patients and is predictive of symptom levels in a range of medical and psychiatric conditions. It is worth assessing expressed emotion and associated factors among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in Ethiopia since there is limited data on this issue in this part of the world. Objective To assess the status of expressed emotions and selected patients’ clinical factors among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia attending Psychiatry Outpatient Unit of Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia, 2019. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 caregivers of schizophrenic patients using a consecutive sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured interviewer administrated questionnaires (Family Questionnairre) which assessed the level of expressed emotion. Data were entered into Epidata 4.4 and analyzed by Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 25. Descriptive statistics was which used to summarize data, bivariate logistic regression was done to identify candidate variables for multivariable logistic regressions and the association between expressed emotion and predictor variables was identified by using multiple logistic regression models. Results High expressed emotion was observed in 43.6% of respondents while caring for schizophrenic patients for about 6–8 years, having 3–4 episodes of the illness which was significantly associated with high expressed emotion. Conclusions This study revealed that there is a high level of expressed emotion among caregivers. It also showed that increment in the episode of the illnesses had a significant association with high caregivers’ expressed emotion. Hence, health care systems which provide interventions for patients with schizophrenia need to design proper strategies to address caregivers’ needs as well.

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Burden and Expressed Emotion in Caregivers of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Affective Disorder Patients: A Comparative Study

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Psychometric properties of Psychosocial Inventory for Caregivers (PIC) scale

Psychometric properties of Psychosocial Inventory for Caregivers (PIC) scale

Expressed Emotion and Selected Patients’ Clinical Factors Among Caregivers of Schizophrenic Patients Visiting Jimma University Medical Center Psychiatry Out Patient Unit, South West Ethiopia

Expressed emotion of caregivers among schizophrenic patients visiting Jimma University Medical Center Psychiatry Outpatient Unit, Southwest Ethiopia

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